A Comparative Study Of Gender Income Gap Between State-owned And Non-state-owned Sectors

Income distribution has always been a serious social problem,but also an important part of Marx's political economics.Since the reform and opening up,gradual decentralization and profit-sharing reforms have led to differences in the degree of marketization in various economic fields,specifically manifested as sector segmentationMeanwhile,the gender income gap is also growing.Based on this background,this paper makes a comparative study on the gender income gap between the state-owned and non-state-owned sectors.Based on the data of CGSS,the empirical content is divided into three parts,firstly analyzing the gender differences of state-owned and non-state sectors of employees in the human capital and social capital;secondly choosing Heckman sample selection model and quantile regression method to make an empirical analysis on the income decision of male and female employees in two departments.Finally,using the income decomposition method to disparate the gender income gap.The main conclusions are: 1.There exists gender income gap in both sectors.The gender income gap in the non-state sector is significantly higher than that in the state-owned sector,which is caused by the individual characteristics and the unexplained and discriminated parts.2.The main sources of the gender income gap in the two sectors are different.The main reason for the gap in the state sector is the difference between the two sexes in human capital stock and social capital stock.In the non-state sector,women are at a disadvantage in terms of capital stock or factor return,and the existence of discrimination aggravates the gender income gap.3.In different departments and positions of income distribution,the relative effects of the characteristic effect and the parameter effect are different.In the state-owned sector,the middle and low quantile gender income gap mainly stems from the difference of individual capital stock.At the top of the income distribution,the difference of gender income caused by the individual characteristics is increasing.In the non-state sector,the unexplained and discriminatory component is a major factor contributing to the gender income gap in the lower and middle quintile.the main reason for the gender income gap the top quintile is the individual capital stock differences.In order to reduce the gender income gap existing in the labor market in our country,the government should take targeted measures according to different sources of gender income disparity in the two sectors;effectively monitor unfair practices on women,especially discrimination against womenat the bottom of the income distribution in the non-state sector;strengthen the legal protection of the female labor force.Women should pay attention to the accumulation of social capital.