A Study On The Legal Guarantee Of Equal Rights In American Black Higher Education After World War Ⅱ

Among the countries in the forefront of the world today,one thing in common is that their higher education systems are relatively perfect,and the developed higher education system of the United States is the best among them.The brilliance of American higher education is not achieved overnight,but also after a long period of exploration and practice.For example,black Americans,as an important part of the American race,have made long and hard efforts on their higher education issues,especially on the equal rights of higher education,and have solved this problem by various means.Among these measures,the most fundamental and core is the gradual improvement of the laws to protect the equal rights of black people in higher education.This paper clarifies the process of the improvement and progress of equal rights in higher education of black people in America,and analyzes the important role of law in this process from the perspective of American law.Combined with the background of The Times,this paper analyzes in detail the specific situation of the equal rights of American blacks in higher education after World War II,especially the protection of this right by law.This paper further finds out the rights protection of black people in the field of higher education and summarizes the effective experience of the United States in this respect,which provides a model for the further development of the legalization of higher education in China.The aspects that are in line with China’s reality can be learned and absorbed,and provides support for China’s higher education to reach the advanced level in the world.Through this study,it is found that some discriminatory laws promulgated by the US government before World War II and the deep-rooted racism in the white American culture make it difficult for the black Americans to get the opportunity to receive higher education.After World War II,considering the international and domestic situation,the U.S.government took positive actions to increase the opportunities for blacks to receive higher education and basically eliminated racial discrimination on campus.In the process of changing the phenomenon of racial discrimination in the United States,the Supreme Court’s judicial decisions in "Brown case" and other cases played an important role.The United States Congress enacted the Civil Rights Act and the Higher Education Act and other relevant legislation,which alleviated the racial discrimination of black Americans in higher education and provided financial support for black students to complete their studies.The president of the United States and the relevant administrative agencies have effectively guaranteed the equal rights of the black people in higher education through the formulation of "affirmative action" and other policy measures.However,it is worth noting that there are still some problems in this process that have not been satisfactorily solved and universally recognized.There are still debates over "reverse discrimination," historically black colleges,"multiculturalism" in higher education,and "political correctness." Everyone has his or her own views on these issues,but they have contributed to the development of higher education in the United States.Finally,based on the above discussion,this paper analyzes the characteristics and existing problems of the guarantee of black higher education rights in the United States,and summarizes some positive experiences for reference in China,in the hope of contributing to the construction of the rule of law in China’s higher education.