Study On The Relationship Between Physical Activity Level,Lower Limb Muscle Strength,Gait Characteristics And Fall Risk In Elderly With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Research Background: At present,the aging trend of the population is increasing,the proportion of the elderly is also increasing,the proportion of the elderly with cognitive impairment is also increasing,and cognitive impairment will also promote the elderly to increase the risk of falling,affect their daily life,reduce their quality of life.Objective: based on senile mild cognitive impairment in the elderly,their level of physical activity,gait characteristics,lower limb muscle strength and fall risk assessment,explore the physical activity-mild cognitive impairment in the elderly,lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and the risk of falls in the relationship,clear the gait characteristics and lower limb muscle strength of cognitive impairment in the elderly fall risk prediction effect,and the role of physical exercise,reduce the risk of the elderly fall way and effects.Research Methods: This study adopts the methods of literature,questionnaire survey,test and mathematical statistics.The search terms were "fall","cognitive impairment","experiment","gait","lower limb strength","random",etc.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to December 31,2020,and literature materials were collected from databases such as CNKI and Web of Science.Screening,qingpu Zhong Fu Hui nursing home-mild cognitive impairment in the elderly as the research object,using the international physical activity scale,Tinetti balanced gait evaluation scale,five sitting up testing and whole body motion capture and three-dimensional gait analysis system for evaluation of collecting the subjects’ physical activity levels and fall risk,lower limb muscle strength and gait features.Enumeration data were expressed as frequency and percentage,while measurement data were expressed as Mean± SD.Mean difference between the two groups using independent sample t test,multiple sets of using single factor analysis of variance of mean differences between the comparison,the relationship between the different variables using partial correlation analysis,fall risk factors using multiple stepwise linear regression analysis,using the intermediary effect model to analyze the relationship of intermediary,all statistical inference adopts double tail inspection,independent sample t-test,chi-square test,single factor variance analysis,multiple stepwise linear regression analysis and the mediation effect of inspection level alpha 0.05,p < 0.05 differences statistically significant;All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS22.0 software.Results:(1)The physical activity level,lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and fall risk of the elderly in nursing homes were generally average.The physical activity level of the elderly was mainly moderate,and the risk of fall was also moderate.(2)The lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and fall risk of the elderly with different levels of physical activity were significantly different,mainly manifested as the lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and fall risk of the elderly with low level of physical activity were significantly different from those of the elderly with medium and high levels of physical activity.(3)The lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and physical activity level of the elderly with different fall risks were significantly different,mainly manifested as lower limb muscle strength,gait characteristics and physical activity level of the elderly with high fall risk were lower than those of the elderly with medium and low risk;(4)The higher the level of physical activity,the higher the lower limb muscle strength,the more stable the gait,and the lower the risk of falling;(5)Lower limb muscle strength and walking speed played a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity level and fall risk in the elderly.Conclusion: Physical activity level,lower limb muscle strength,and gait characteristics are significantly related to fall risk in older adults with cognitive impairment,and lower limb muscle strength and gait speed have the greatest influence on fall risk in older adults.The higher the level of physical activity,the stronger the lower limb muscle strength,the more stable the gait,and the lower the risk of falling.Physical activity reduces the risk of falls in older adults by improving lower limb muscle strength and gait characteristics.