Ageing,Labour Mobility And Manufacturing Exports

The age structure of China’s population tends to be aging.According to international standards,China has entered an aging society.The aging trend has become more and more serious.The number of working-age workers has declined in recent years.Industrial enterprises in many places have exposed labor shortages such as "difficulties in employment".Therefore,the export of China’s manufacturing industry,which requires a large amount of labor,is bound to be affected by the aging population.How to successfully transform our country from an “exporting power” to an “exporting power” under the background of the ageing structure of the population is a problem of very obvious practical significance.This article first starts from theoretical research and understands the latest research trends in this field by sorting out relevant domestic and foreign literature.Learned the academic frontier’s empirical research methods on the relationship between population aging,labor mobility and manufacturing exports.And based on the theory of comparative advantage and factor endowment,it systematically analyzes the influence path of the aging of the population on the export of manufacturing industry.Then,it explores how the distribution of multiple age-related skills among workers affects manufacturing exports.Based on the theoretical mechanism research,this article focuses on how aging affects manufacturing exports.This article first constructs the core explanatory variable-age-related skills,and selects the GB2 digit code of each province in my country to subdivide the export delivery value of the manufacturing industry as the explanatory variable,and conducts a full sample regression.In order to solve the possible errors and endogeneity problems,this paper also carried out the method of replacing the core explanatory variables and selecting instrumental variables for endogeneity testing.Secondly,the empirical part divides different provinces into net outflow regions and net inflow regions according to the population flow data released by the National Health Commission of China,and performs group regression to explore whether labor mobility will affect the aging of the population and the export of manufacturing industries.The impact.Finally,this article conducts an empirical analysis of the education and medical level that will affect age-related skills,and explores whether the application of artificial intelligence in the manufacturing sector can alleviate the problems caused by the change in the age structure of the population.The research in this article shows that the change in the age structure of the population will affect the export of a region’s manufacturing industry.In particular,aging will increase the region’s age-advanced proficiency-increasing capacity stock.The manufacturing industry that intensively uses age-advanced proficiency-increasing capabilities will reduce labor costs,thereby achieving export expansion;it will also reduce age-inverse proficiency The stock of growth capacity and physical capacity has a convergent effect on the exports of manufacturing industries that intensively use these two age-related skills.The result of group regression proves that labor mobility will affect the export of the manufacturing industry by changing the factor endowment of the region.Finally,the extended analysis partly proves that the improvement of medical standards will promote the export of manufacturing industries that intensively use age proficiency growth ability,reverse age proficiency growth ability and physical ability.The increase in education level will result in a decline in exports of industries that intensively use age-reversed proficiency growth abilities and physical abilities because a large number of young people are kept in school.The use of a large number of artificial intelligence robots will also alleviate the pressure caused by the aging population.Based on this,this article proposes that areas with more developed economies but more severely aging populations should adopt policies that actively attract labor.Similarly,it is equally important to keep the labor force in the province for areas with a net outflow of economically underdeveloped population.The level of medical and health care should be improved to delay the negative impact of individual labor force due to age.Increase investment in the research and development of the artificial intelligence robot industry,continue to develop a new generation of lowercost and more efficient robots for production,improve labor productivity,free up a large amount of labor,so as to transform and upgrade the industry,and upgrade the local industry Economic competitiveness.