An ERP Study On The Effect Of Reward On Cognitive Control Of College Students In High Altitude Area

Environmental characteristics of low pressure and low oxygen at high altitudes can suppress brain activity and reduce cognitive performance.Cognitive control,as the central regulatory system of cognitive ability,can coordinate basic cognitive processing processes such as perception,attention,and working memory.The role of cognitive control is regulated by reward factors.Reward plays an important role in promoting cognitive development by stimulating individual effort and promoting the performance of cognitive control.The subjects of this study were college students at different altitudes.Divided into low-altitude group（<500meters）,high-altitude group 1（1500-2500meters）and high-altitude group 2（2501-3500meters）.Using the AX-CPT paradigm and event-related potential technique,we explored the effect of reward on the cognitive control of college students in high-altitude areas.Study Findings on the Effects of Different Altitudes on Cognitive Control:First,there were significant differences in active control across different altitude groups.The active control response time of the high altitude group 1 and 2 was greater than that of the low altitude group;The average amplitude of N200 at the Fz point in the high-altitude group 1 was larger than that in the low-altitude group.Second,the active control of the high altitude group 1 was less than that of the high altitude group 2.The active control response time of the high altitude group 1 was greater than that of the high altitude group 2,and the average amplitude of N200 at the Fz point was larger.Third,there were differences in cognitive control processing in the cerebral hemispheres of different altitude groups.Compared with the high-altitude group 1,the average amplitude of N200 in the left hemisphere（F1,F3,F5）and right hemisphere（F2,F4,F6）was smaller in the low-altitude group,and the P300 in the left hemisphere（CP1,CP3,CP5）was smaller.The average volatility is larger.The average amplitude of N200 in the right hemisphere（F2,F4,F6\ CP2,CP4,CP6）was smaller and the average amplitude of P300 was larger in the high-altitude 2 groups.A study of the effect of rewards on the cognitive control of college students in high altitude areas found that:First,under the condition of reward,active control reaction time and correct rate are better than reactive control;The reaction time and correct rate of active control with reward were better than those without reward,the average amplitude of P300 at Pz was larger,and the difference in CNV components was not significant.Second,there were significant differences in the cerebral hemispheres of cognitive control processing under reward conditions in the high-altitude 1 and 2 groups.The mean amplitude of P300 in the left hemisphere（P1,P3,P5）was greater than that in the right hemisphere（P2,P4,P6）in groups 1 and 2 at high altitudes.The mean amplitudes of P300 in the left hemisphere（P1,P3,P5）of the high-altitude group 2 were greater than those of the high-altitude group 1.Research conclusions: First,the active control of the low-altitude group was better than that of the high-altitude groups 1 and 2,and the active control of the high-altitude group 2 was better than that of the high-altitude group 1.Second,the cognitive control performance of the left and right hemispheres of the brain in the high-altitude group 1 was worse than that in the lower-altitude group.Third,rewards promote active control in high-altitude college students.Fourth,the processing of reward information in the left hemisphere parietal lobe of the high-altitude group 2was better than that of the high-altitude group 1.