The Influence Of Informant’s Prior Accuracy And Moral Behavior On Selective Trust In 3-5 Years Old Preschool Children

Early childhood is an important period for the knowledge construction and social development of preschool children.In the face of the true and false,good and bad knowledge of the outside world,the selective trust ability of preschool children is particularly important for the construction of knowledge and experience and the development of society.Previous studies have found that prior accuracy as cognitive cues and moral behavior as social cues affect children’s selective trust.However,these studies only discuss the characteristics of selective trust in learning natural domain knowledge or social domain knowledge,and few studies compare selective trust in the two domains.Cognition includes cognition of natural domain and cognition of social domain.Preschool children’s natural cognitive development and social cognitive development have common rules,but also have their own characteristics.Compared with natural domain knowledge,social domain knowledge is more subjective and more complex to learn.Under the influence of the information provider’s prior accuracy cues and moral behavior cues,is there a difference in young children’s selective trust in natural and social domain knowledge? When there is a conflict between the previous accuracy cues and the moral behavior cues,which cues do preschool children prioritize? In this regard,further discussion is needed.In previous experiments,the presentation of information lacks interest and ecological validity.Therefore,this study presents the experimental information in the form of animation,and analyzes the characteristics of preschool children’s selective trust in natural and social domain knowledge under the influence of previous accuracy cues and moral behavior cues.When these two kinds of cues conflict,which kind of cues will be given more weight by preschool children,the developmental differences of different ages will be explored,and the educational suggestions will be put forward according to the developmental characteristics of preschool children’s selective trust.In this study,274 preschool children from a kindergarten in Guilin were randomly selected to participate in the study.The research was divided into three experiments.In experiment 1,we mainly discussed the effect of prior accuracy of informants on selective trust in 3-5-year-old preschool children.In experiment 2,we investigated the effect of moral behavior of informants on selective trust in 3-5 year-old preschool children.In experiment 3,we investigated the selective trust of 3-5-year-old preschool children in the context of conflict between information provider’s previous accuracy and moral behavior.Based on the research conditions of this study,the following conclusions can be drawn :（1）Preschool children at the age of 3 have certain selective trust ability,and with the increase of age,preschool children’s selective trust ability is further developed at the age of 4;（2）Prior accuracy will affect preschool children’s selective trust.The 3-5-year-old preschool children tend to trust information providers with high accuracy when facing naming unfamiliar items and judging personality traits.（3）Moral behavior can affect preschool children’s selective trust.The3-5-year-old preschool children tend to trust the information provider who takes the initiative to help others when they are faced with naming unfamiliar objects and judging personality traits.（4）When the information provider’s prior accuracy was in conflict with its moral behavior,the 3-5-year-old preschool children chose prior accuracy cues as the main basis.However,there is a significant difference between the natural domain knowledge test and the social domain knowledge test,which is mainly reflected in that the probability of selecting the information provider with high trust accuracy is significantly higher in the natural domain knowledge test than in the social domain knowledge test.Based on the results of this study,the researchers proposed the following educational suggestions for the practice of preschool education :（1）Educators should ensure the accuracy of information and knowledge transmission;（2）Educators should regulate their own moral behavior;（3）Pay attention to the cultivation of preschool children’s selective trust ability.