| Cross-country skiing is one of the important sports in winter competitions,and it is one of the basic sports in the Winter Olympic Games after speed skating.Precompetition training is an important training content in the annual training cycle,and its impact on the performance of athletes is particularly important.The pre-competition training of cross-country skiers can make the athletes adapt to the requirements and intensity of the competition as soon as possible,and can fully exert the competitive ability acquired by the athletes in the long-term training process in the important stage required for the competition.Research purposes: By monitoring the dynamic changes of the aerobic capacityrelated indicators in ten cross-country skiers in the eight-week pre-competition training,we can effectively grasp the athletes’ physical function status,and analyze the effects of pre-competition training on athletes’ aerobic capacity from the perspectives of sports training and exercise physiology.The influence of ability and its possible reasons provide theoretical reference and practical basis for helping coaches to further improve the training plan and improve the level of scientific training.Research methods: 10 cross-country skiers from Shaanxi Province were selected as the subjects.During the 8-week pre-competition training,the daily morning heart rate and morning blood pressure were monitored,and the first beat and Bodyguard systems were used to monitor the athletes’ training and sleep every day.,Routine blood tests are carried out every two weeks,and maximal oxygen uptake and ventilation anaerobic threshold tests are carried out before and after training before and after the competition.Paired samples T test was used for data processing,with P<0.05 as the significant level.Test Results:1.After eight weeks of pre-competition training,the athlete’s hemoglobin concentration of 168.7±13.35g/L was significantly higher than 150.9±7.60g/L before eight-week training（p<0.05）,and the number of red blood cells was 5.49±0.44×1012/L and Compared with 4.88±0.20×1012/L before training,the mean erythrocyte volume increased by 0.7%（p>0.05）,and the leukocyte and hematocrit were significantly higher than those before 8-week training.The ratios decreased by 23% and 3% respectively（p>0.05）.2.When exercising at a critical intensity of maximum oxygen uptake,the athletes’ oxygen uptake（VO2）,carbon dioxide intake（VCO2）,respiratory quotient（RQ）,cardiac stroke volume（O2pluse）,respiratory The end-air carbon dioxide concentration（PETCO2）increased by 5%,7%,2%,2%,and 7% compared with the eight-week precompetition training,but there was no significant change（p>0.05）.After eight weeks of pre-competition training,the oxygen uptake per kilogram of body weight（VO2/kg）was 64.51±3.71 ml/kg/min,which was significantly higher than that of 59.78±4.35ml/kg/min before training（p<0.05）.The volume（VE）of 158.97±16.93 l/min was significantly improved compared with 134.21±12.84l/min before training（p<0.05）,and the tidal volume（TV）of 2.98±0.31 L was significantly improved compared with2.77±0.27 L before training（p<0.05）.p < 0.05).Oxygen ventilation equivalent（VE/VO2）33.16±3.57 decreased significantly compared with 37.16±3.80 before training（p<0.05）,and end-tidal oxygen concentration（PETO2）16.11%±0.50 decreased significantly compared with 16.79%±0.59 before training（p<0.05）,dead space/tidal volume（VD/TV）0.14±0.01 decreased by 6% compared with 0.15±0.27 before training,but no significant change（p>0.05）.3.When exercising at a ventilated anaerobic threshold limit load intensity,the athlete’s oxygen uptake（VO2）,carbon dioxide intake（VCO2）,cardiac stroke volume（O2pluse）,end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration（PETCO2）and tidal volume（TV）were increased by 5%,5%,2%,5%,and 8% compared with those before the eightweek pre-competition training,but there was no significant change（p>0.05）.Oxygen ventilation equivalents（VE/VO2）decreased by 3% after training before the eight weeks of competition compared with before training,but there was no significant change（p>0.05）.End-tidal oxygen concentration（PETO2）14.86%±0.48 was significantly lower than 15.74%±0.42 before training（p<0.05）,dead space/tidal volume（VD/TV）0.12±0.02 was different from 0.15±0.03 before training ratio decreased significantly（p< 0.05）.in conclusion:1.After eight weeks of pre-competition training,the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin content of cross-country skiers in Shaanxi Province have been significantly improved,the hematocrit has been reduced,and the ability of athletes to carry oxygen and blood rheology has been effectively improved.2.After eight weeks of pre-competition training,the blood pumping function,heart reserve,ventilation capacity,gas exchange rate,ventilation efficiency,carbon dioxide exchange rate and oxygen utilization rate of the heart of cross-country skiers in Shaanxi Province have been improved,and the athletes’ gas metabolism capacity and heart function have been effectively improved.3.After eight weeks of pre-competition training,the maximum oxygen uptake and ventilation anaerobic threshold of cross-country skiers in Shaanxi Province increased,and the aerobic metabolic capacity of athletes was effectively improved.The improvement of the aerobic metabolic capacity of cross-country skiers in Shaanxi Province is related to the ability of athletes to carry oxygen,blood rheology,gas metabolism and heart function. |
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