| Objective:Depressive symptoms seriously harm the mental health of adolescents.The detection rate of depression among adolescents is increasing worldwide,and China attaches great importance to the mental health of adolescents.The Ministry of Education will include depression screening in the physical examination of primary and secondary schools in 2021,aiming to promote the all-round physical and mental development of adolescents.In view of this,this study investigated the status quo of health fitness and depressive symptoms of adolescents in four cities to explore the relationship between different dimensions of health fitness and depressive symptoms,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of depression among adolescents.Methods:In this study,a total of 5734 adolescents（2855 males and 2879 females）aged 12 to 17 years old were selected from Shanghai,Urumqi,Changsha and Kunming from September to December 2021 by stratified random sampling method.One-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were used to compare the scores of fitness indicators,grade detection rate and depression symptom detection rate.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the grade detection rate of health fitness index and depressive symptoms.Results:1)Health and physical fitness status of adolescentsThe overweight and obesity rate of male students（31.9%）was higher than that of female students（15.8%）.The 20-meter round-trip performance of boys and girls decreased from 51.7 times to 39.2 times and 30.3 times to 26.2 times,respectively,at the age of 14 and 15,with significant difference（P<0.05）.The results of grip strength and standing long jump of male and female students showed an increasing trend with the increase of age,while the results of sit-up showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age.The results of male sitting flexion were the lowest at 12 years old and the highest at 17 years old（6.9cm and 10.0cm,respectively）,while female sitting flexion was the lowest at 12 years old and the highest at 13 years old（12.5cm and 14.0cm,respectively）,with significant differences（P<0.05）.2)Status of depressive symptomsThe detection rate of depressive symptoms was 31.9% in girls and 21.6% in boys（P<0.05）.The detection rate of depressive symptoms was the lowest in male students at 12 years old,and the highest at 17 years old（16.7% and 27.7%,respectively）.The detection rate of depressive symptoms was the lowest in female students at 12 years old,and the highest at 17 years old（25.8% and 38.1%,respectively）.There were significant differences in the above results（P<0.05）.The detection rate of depressive symptoms was the highest in Changsha boys and the lowest in Urumqi,which were 22.9% and 19.1%,respectively.The detection rate of depressive symptoms in Changsha girls was the highest,while that in Urumqi was the lowest,which was 33.6% and 31%,respectively.3)The relationship between adolescent health and physical fitness and depressive symptomsIn logistic regression,the high grade detection rate of 20-meter round-trip run in severely depressed male and female students was 0.787 times higher than that in nondepressed male and female students（OR=0.787,95%CI: 0.635-0.976）.The detection rate of high grade sit-up in male and female students with severe depression was 0.790 times higher than that in male and female students without depression symptoms（OR=0.790,95%CI: 0.635-0.982）.The detection rate of high grade sitting flexion in severely depressed male and female students was 0.786 times higher than that in nondepressed male and female students（OR=0.786,95%CI: 0.635-0.973）,and the above results showed significant differences（P<0.05）.Conclusions:1)Overweight and obesity rates of male and female students decrease with the increase of age;The cardiopulmonary endurance of boys and girls decreased after 14 15 years old.The overall muscle fitness level of male and female students increased with age.The flexibility of male students increased with age,while that of female students increased little.2)In urban areas,the detection rate of depressive symptoms was the highest in Changsha and the lowest in Urumqi.In terms of gender,the detection rate of depressive symptoms in girls was higher than that in boys.In terms of age,the detection rate of depression in boys and girls aged 15-17 was higher than that in boys and girls aged 12~14.3)Cardiopulmonary endurance,muscle fitness and flexibility were correlated with depressive symptoms,and the high grade detection rate of cardiopulmonary endurance,muscle fitness and flexibility was lower in adolescents with severe depressive symptoms. |
PDF Full Text Request