Research On Training Skill Of Recognition Of Spatial Orientation For Children With Moderate Intellectual Disability Based On Task Analysis

The ability of spatial orientation recognition plays an important role in daily life and learning.It is a part of the development of children’s cognitive ability and an essential component of community adaptability.Therefore,improving spatial orientation recognition ability is an effective way to improve the community adaptability of children with moderate intellectual disability.According to the research literature,education and training based on task analysis is to help children gradually and effectively master a specific and complex behavior or skill by analyzing more complex tasks into a series of sequential and interrelated learning steps.In line with the learning characteristics of children with moderate intellectual disability,it is also suitable for the training of spatial orientation recognition skills.Taking into account the intuitive characteristics of children with moderate intellectual disability and the difficulty of transferring the knowledge and skills they have learned,it is more appropriate to train in real scenes.A series of cognitive operations are performed to complete the task of spatial orientation recognition.The most critical cognitive processing is noticing the target,selecting the reference,and characterizing the positional relationship between the target and the reference.They are the necessary spatial orientation recognition skills and play an important role for children to successfully complete the task of spatial orientation recognition.Therefore,this research will be based on the key cognitive processing of individuals completing the spatial orientation recognition task,the spatial orientation recognition skills training based on the task analysis will be carried out for children with moderate intellectual disability in real scenarios.The study adopted a cross-subject and multi-baseline design in a single-subject design.Three children with moderate intellectual disability from a special school were selected as the research subjects,spatial orientation recognition skill training based on task analysis were performed on these three children with moderate intellectual disability in real scenes in turn.The three subjects received training 24 times each,and each training lasted about 30 minutes.In the process of the research,using the selfcompiled "Investigation Form for Children with Moderate Intellectual Disability Spatial of Orientation Recognition Ability",28,32,and 35 surveys were conducted on these three children before,during,and after training.To collect data on changes in spatial orientation recognition ability of three subjects in the baseline period,intervention period,and maintenance period.With the help of visual analysis and C statistics,scientific analysis verifies the effectiveness of using task analysis to train the spatial orientation recognition skills of children with moderate intellectual disability in real scenes to improve their spatial orientation recognition ability,before and after the training,interviewed parents and teachers familiarize the subjects to obtain the social validity of the training.The results of the study show that training of spatial orientation recognition skills based on task analysis has an immediate effect and a maintenance effect on improving the spatial orientation recognition ability of children with moderate intellectual disability and can effectively improve the spatial orientation recognition ability of object reference and subject reference.The performance of the subject’s ability to recognize the spatial position has obtained a good social evaluation.The research suggests that training of spatial orientation recognition skills for children with moderate intellectual disability should be combined with the real environment,intensive training on the key cognitive skills of spatial orientation recognition for children with moderate intellectual disability,and guide children to consciously apply spatial orientation recognition skills in school and community life.