Research On Lateral Stability Of Liquid Tank Truck Based On Fluid-structure Coupling Mechanism

As the most widely used approach of transportation,highway transportation is often used to transport some dangerous and toxic liquid goods,and the liquid tank truck is the main transport carrier.Due to the flow characteristics of the liquid and the fluid-solid coupling between the liquid cargo and the tank wall,the shape of the liquid free surface in the tank will change with the time,which makes the centroid of the liquid cargo deviate laterally,which leads to the rollover accident.In this paper,in order to improve the lateral stability of the liquid tank truck,the centroid active correction device is designed to reduce the vibration of liquid tank truck actively.In addition,based on the fluid-solid coupling mechanism,the following work is carried out with the liquid sloshing in the tank as the breakthrough point:1.Determine the numerical simulation method and model,and analyze the impact of liquid shock on the load change in the tank.Based on the principle of fluid-solid coupling,the boundary conditions are determined.A certain type of tank truck is used as a prototype to simulate to establish a simplified cross-sectional 2-D model.The physical quantities such as instantaneous impact force,torque and centroid offset are obtained by the Fluent.According to the principle of Fourier transform,the above-mentioned quantities are sampled reasonably and Fourier transformed to study the frequency domain response of liquid sloshing.2.A kind of inverted V-shaped anti-wave baffle is proposed,and the influence of the angle and the number of installation blocks of the board on the shaking force is analyzed.Compared with the traditional transverse and longitudinal baffle,the proposed baffle can both reduce the sloshing effect of the tank car in the process of brake and steer,and the internal structure of the tank is also simplified.3.Quasi-static analysis of liquid shock in the tank.According to the centroid expression,the centroid coordinates at static state and roll state are derived.The force,torque and centroid coordinates obtained by quasi-static method are compared with the actual liquid impact results to verify the accuracy of the quasi-static model,which constructs a foundation for establishing a simplified dynamic model.The results show that the rollover threshold of the tank truck is the lowest when the range of the filling ratio is 50%-60%,in this case,the tank truck could roll over caused by a slight incentive.Therefore,the filling ratio in the range of 50%-60% should be avoided when the tank truck is loaded with goods.4.Complete the design of the test bench for the sloshing mechanism characteristics of the scaled liquid tank and the sloshing reduction test.A reduced-ratio anti-rollover platform is built.To simulate the tilting state of the tank truck,the voltage cylinder is used to lift up the steel plate,which is rigidly connected to the liquid tank truck.Besides,the sliding table moves in the opposite direction of the offset of the centroid to correct the position of the centroid.Thus,the shaking force is reduced and the lateral offset of the centroid is decreased,finally,the active anti-rollover function is realized.