Research On The Emergence Mechanism Of Proactive Behavior In Construction Projects

In recent years,China's investment speed and growth rate in the field of construction projects have increased rapidly,and the output value of the construction industry has been increasing.From the macro level,the successful implementation of construction projects has an important impact on the development of national economy.However,behind this beautiful development situation,due to the influence of environmental factors such as large investment amount,long investment cycle,numerous participants,complex working environment of task flow and so on,the project organization is faced with increasing environmental uncertainty and task dependence.If the managers can't correctly understand its impact,it may affect the interests of all parties involved in the construction project,and have a great impact on management effectiveness and project performance.In order to solve this situation,the project organization,as a non-traditional manufacturing organization,is looking for innovative management methods to improve the project management efficiency,and it is an effective way to give full play to the active behavior of employees.Scholars define Proactive behavior as "self-initiated future-oriented actions for personal goals or to change and improve the current situation of the surrounding environment".In construction projects,proactive behaviors are very common.For example,workers will improve their work efficiency and earn more income by creatively making or improving construction tools,technicians will reduce costs and speed up the construction period by improving construction technology and innovative construction methods,and managers of different participants will actively strengthen contact and communication in order to obtain the support of other parties' resources,thus better improving organizational efficiency and laying an interpersonal foundation for personal career development in the future.However,the research on proactive behavior in the field of construction projects is not deep enough.First,under the background of construction projects,the research on proactive behavior is mainly focused on the consequences,and the antecedents and production process remain to be explored.Second,previous studies on antecedents of proactive behavior mainly focused on personal motivation,and paid less attention to environmental factors.Third,although the research on the mechanism of active behavior has found commonalities in several fields,the research on the mechanism of different forms of active behavior is relatively lacking.In view of the above research deficiencies,this study takes the construction project as the research background,and analyzes the impact mechanism of environmental characteristics on employees' proactive behavior in the construction project organization based on social cognition theory,work trait theory,role theory and motivation cognition theory.Firstly,based on the literature review and realistic background,we put forward the representative environmental characteristics affecting proactive behavior in construction project organization-environmental uncertainty and task dependence.Secondly,according to the existing theory,we put forward the hypothesis of the conditional factors affecting the proactive behavior of construction project employees,and build the model of the impact mechanism of the organizational environment characteristics of construction project on employees' proactive behavior.Finally,we verify the theoretical assumptions in the impact mechanism model through empirical research and data analysis.From two different paths,we analyze why and when people in the construction project organization engage in different forms of proactive behavior,and put forward the formation mechanism of two different types of proactive behavior: individual oriented and collective oriented.We draw the following conclusions:(1)the uncertainty and task dependence of the organizational environment of the construction project have a positive impact on employees' proactive behavior.(2)Professional self-efficacy is an important predictor of individual oriented proactive behavior,and role width self-efficacy is a predictor of collective oriented proactive behavior.(3)Professional self-efficacy plays an intermediary role in the impact of environmental uncertainty and task dependence on individual oriented proactive behavior,role width self-efficacy plays an intermediary role in the impact of environmental uncertainty and task dependence on collective oriented proactive behavior,while perceived cost only plays an intermediary role in the impact of environmental uncertainty and task dependence on individual oriented proactive behavior,Higher perceived costs will lead to individual oriented proactive behavior rather than collective oriented proactive behavior.The research of this thesis complements the research of environment on proactive behavior,and develops the traditional research on proactive behavior from two aspects: paying attention to antecedents and creatively dividing proactive behavior into two different orientations: individual and collective;It also puts forward that in the management practice,we should pay more attention to creating favorable external conditions and promoting employees to produce work behavior more conducive to project development,so as to improve the efficiency of construction project management.