Genetic Basis Analysis And Combining Ability Determination Of Fresh Waxy Maize Inbred Lines

As we know,fresh waxy corn has the advantages of rich nutrients,high protein content,sticky waxy and slightly sweet taste,etc.It is very popular for consumers and has become a new growth point for the development of the corn industry.However,the germplasm resources of waxy maize are very limited,and excellent varieties are also scarce.Therefore,high-nutritive waxy maize varieties has become the key to fresh maize.In this study,base on the genotyping results of 36 waxy maize samples in the previous period,7 high-folate inbred lines and 4 test species from different groups were selected.The correlations and combining ability of the main nutritional traits,quality traits and agronomic traits of the hybrid combinations were determined and analyzed,in order to screen excellent nutritional waxy maize inbred lines and hybrid combinations,and provide materials for the breeding of fresh maize varieties.Fundamentals and Theoretical Basis.1.The plant height,ear height,bract length,ear length,grain depth,bald tip length,ear stalk length,and length from the top of the bract leaf to the top of the ear were measured and analyzed for 11 inbred lines and 28 hybrid combinations..The results showed that the variance differences of the eight traits were extremely significant in all the tested materials.Among them,the coefficient of variation of bald tip length was the largest,which were 114.85% and 209.56% in inbred lines and hybrid combinations,respectively.2.For the test materials,the peel thickness,peel residue rate,starch dry basis,soluble sugar,folic acid and lysine,phenylalanine,threonine,isoleucine,leucine,valine and histidine content measured and analyzed.The results showed that the variance differences of the above indicators were extremely significant in 11 inbred lines and 28 hybrid combinations.The broad heritability of pericarp thick and skin residue rate were87.83% and 98.33%,respectively.Among them,the generalized heritability was more than 85%,indicating that the inheritance of these two traits was relatively stable.The generalized heritability of 10 measured traits was above 75% in 11 inbred lines and 28 cross combinations.Among them,the coefficient of variation of lysine content was the highest,which were 48.21% and 62.33%,respectively,and the generalized heritability was 98.51%.3.The results showed that plant height was significantly positively correlated with ear height,ear length,bract length,grain depth and ear stalk length;Both showed a very significant negative correlation.Folic acid has a very significant positive correlation with skin residue rate,leucine and histidine,a significant negative correlation with threonine,and a very significant negative correlation with soluble sugar;skin residue rate and valine,group There were significant positive correlations between amino acids;phenylalanine,isoleucine and leucine showed extremely significant positive correlations.4.The results showed that the inbred line P3 had higher general combining ability values on lysine and valine;P7 had higher general combining ability values on skin residue rate,bract length,ear length and ear stalk length;The general combining ability values of threonine,histidine,valine,bract leaf length and bract leaf tip to panicle top were higher;P10 had higher general combining ability values in folic acid,soluble sugar,and pericarp thick.Hybrid combination P5 × P11 had the highest specific combining ability value of folic acid;hybrid combination P3×P10 had higher specific combining ability values in pericarp thick,phenylalanine and leucine;P7×P10 was in histidine,threonine The special combining ability of acid,isoleucine,plant height and ear length was higher,with excellent characters,neat ranks and significantly higher nutrient content than other hybrid combinations.In conclusion,the 11 waxy maize inbred lines have obvious genetic differences in bald tip,plant height,high agronomic performance,quality characteristics such as lysine and valine,and combining ability.Among the 28 hybrid combinations,P3×P10and P7×P10 had higher special combining ability for nutritional quality traits,which met the breeding target requirements of nutrientional waxy maize varieties.Bald tip,peel thickness and peel residue rate,can be selected in the earlier generations.