Research On The Production Potential Of Arable Land In Heilongjiang Province

The productivity potential of cultivated land has largely related to the agricultural product quality,and then affects the national food security.Heilongjiang Province is a major grain producing province in China.The estimation,development and utilization of cultivated land production potential has a direct impact not only on food security,but also on national economic development and social stability.Based on the data of annual average temperature and precipitation,the Thornthwaite Memorial model was used to calculate the climate production potential.Taking the main crop corn as an example,the cultivated land correction coefficient calculated by soil(soil organic matter,plough layer texture),terrain(elevation,slope,slope direction),ecology(normalized vegetation index,ratio vegetation index and surface water index)and land management measures(fertilization amount,total power of agricultural machinery,effective irrigation area)was used to modify the climate production potential to make it close to the actual potential level of Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that the potential value of climate production in Heilongjiang Province decreased at first and then increased in the past 20 years,which mainly related to the changes of annual average temperature and average precipitation.Limited by soil,terrain,ecology and land management measures,the climate production potential showed a certain attenuation trend.After principal component calculation,the weight of each index follows the order of ecological index > land management measures > soil index > terrain index;there is a possibility that the output would decrease for the productivity potential coefficient of cultivated land in Daxingan'ling region,Suihua City and Daqing city were negative.The productivity potential of cultivated land in the western region in Heilongjiang Province is small,while in the eastern region is large.Especially,Qitaihe City ranked the first;the irrational use of cultivated land is an important reason for the low potential of cultivated land production in Heilongjiang Province.The problem of salinization restricts the potential of cultivated land production in Daqing and Qiqihar.The low temperature makes the potential of cultivated land production in Heihe City and Daxinganling area close to or lower than the actual corn output.The contradiction between flood disaster and low utilization rate of water resources can explain the reason why the high value of cultivated land production potential and the low value of cultivated land production potential coefficient in Hegang City and Shuangyashan City.According to the results of cultivated land production potential,this paper puts forward the development countermeasures of cultivated land production in Heilongjiang Province from three aspects: promoting the scientific utilization and protection of cultivated land,giving full play to the leading role of revitalizing agriculture through science and technology,and promoting the supervision of cultivated land.