A Study Of Schopenhauer's Pessimistic Philosophy

Artur Schopenhauer,a famous German philosopher in the 19th century,is the founder of irrationalism philosophy in the history of western philosophy.Based on the theory of will and the theory of representation,Schopenhauer established the philosophy system of pessimism.Schopenhauer believed that the world,like man himself,was both the will and the appearance,and there was nothing left.The will is the essence of the world.The will itself has no knowledge.The will can know its own desire through the representation world which serves it.What it needs to know is the world,and the life that exists.Schopenhauer called the world after objectification of will "the mirror reflecting the world",and proposed to find the way out of life in the process of negation of life will.Schopenhauer is different from his contemporaries who focus on the speculative tradition of classical philosophy.Schopenhauer pays more attention to the problem of life.His philosophy embodies a real understanding and sympathy for life.He stressed that the essence of everything in the world is the same,plants,animals and people are the same,and they all have the pain of survival,but the pain of human survival is more obvious.He reminded human beings to have the courage to face life,to face the desire and pain accompanying with life,and to keep sober in the process of survival,to grow up in self-education,so as to realize the intelligent life.Schopenhauer,a philosopher more than one hundred years ago,paid close attention to and studied the problem of existence.Today,the problem of existence is still an important problem facing human beings.I believe that this problem will also be concerned and studied by later human beings.Of course,people in different times have different survival problems.Contemporary people have the survival problems of contemporary people.The key problem here is not the survival problem itself,but the survival problem.What kind of attitude should people hold?Undoubtedly,Schopenhauer's pessimistic philosophy can give some enlightenment to contemporary people.This is the reality of this paper's study of Schopenhauer's pessimistic philosophy Meaning.Based on this,this paper takes Schopenhauer's theory of life will,the core of his pessimistic philosophy,as the main object to study and study his pessimistic philosophy.Based on the analysis of the related concepts of Schopenhauer's pessimism,such as the relationship between "optimism" and "pessimism",Schopenhauer's "pessimism" and"voluntarism" in the history of philosophy,this paper holds that Schopenhauer's"pessimism" is a philosophical reflection on the weakness of rationality;On the relationship between Schopenhauer's pessimism and his voluntarism,this paper holds that there is an inseparable internal relationship between them,or that voluntarism is the basis and premise of pessimism;After analyzing the connotation of related concepts,this paper investigates the origin of Schopenhauer's pessimism philosophy,and holds that Schopenhauer's pessimism philosophy is mainly influenced by Kant's philosophy and Indian Buddhism;Then,this paper combs the main contents of Schopenhauer's pessimism from three aspects:life will and its objectification,life will affirmation and life will negation;On the basis of the above research,this paper studies the Contemporary Enlightenment of Schopenhauer's pessimism by facing life essence and human's self change,survival struggle mode and survival sharing mode.