"mile" In The Hakka Dialect Of Xingguo In Jiangxi

Xingguo dialect belongs to Yuxin Regin of Hakka dialect.Li（哩）is widely used as structural auxiliary,dynamic auxiliary,modal auxiliary,denotation micromark and state affixes.The structural auxiliary li is mainly located in the middle structure and the middle complement structure.The adverbial mark li can only be placed after the overlapping element.The complement marker li mainly connects result complement,modal complement and a small amount of degree complement.Li is mainly connected with predicate elements.What’s special is that it often connects subject-predicate phrases with double subjects and has causative meaning.The dynamic auxiliary li is a realized-body marker,indicating that the semantic signified of the predicate component is in the state of fact."V+li"can take objects,complements and clauses,"V+li"can’t take objects."V/A+liao（了）+li"emphasizes that an action or state produces a result,and"A+liao+li"can also indicate that the trait deviates from the standard of subjective expectations.The modal particle li indicates that things have changed or will change.Li can be placed directly after the noun with[+order].li₁ li₂ can co-appear,there must be a quantitative component.The structure of"mao（冇）+VP+li"exists in Xingguo Hakka dialect,which is equivalent to"mei（没）+VP+le（了）"in Mandarin,in which mao negates actions or states that already exist or are expected to occur.The structure aihuali（话哩）is a sign of comprehension in Hakka dialect,which has the function of textual cohesion.The micromark li is mainly placed after the quantity phrase,subjectively denoting a small amount.The state suffix li is attached to the overlapping elements,indicating the state of things,which is mainly used as predicate,attribute and complement in sentences.In the"V a（啊）V li"structure,"...a...li"is a polysyllabic affix,indicating the state of action,to convey contempt,despise the emotional color.The structure is verbal,but can not take object,complement.It is mainly used as the predicate.What’s more,it can also be a topic at the beginning of the sentence.Quli（去哩）is a modal particle commonly used in the Hakka dialect of Xingguo to indicate that things will or have changed.We believe that quli is lexicalized from the tendency verb qu（去）and the modal particle li.The grammatical environment of the reanalysis is"V+complement+object+qu+li",and the reason for the reanalysis is that qu li has similar semantics and adjacent positions.In addition to the quli,there are similar structures such as wenli（稳哩）,liaoli（了哩）,xiaoli（消哩）.