The Reconstruction Of The Collective Memory Of Traditional Handicrafts In Modern Society

Lihou Tiger is an epitome of folk handicraft skills in Licheng County,Changzhi City,Shanxi Province.It was named because it was located in the ancient Lihou State.The image of Lihou Tiger was identified as a stamp of the Year of the Tiger by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications in 1998,and was identified as the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage by the State Council in 2008.Lihou Tiger is a kind of intangible cultural heritage with comprehensive attributes,which combines local historical legends,tiger worship,patterns,beliefs and aesthetic concepts.It is also a kind of traditional handicraft skills.Since modern times,it is the trend of social development that machine production replaces traditional handicraft and commodity economy replaces natural economy,which hinders the development of traditional handicraft.It is in this social environment that the Lihou Tiger has changes,and the people's understanding of Lihou Tiger also has changes.The change of the living environment,the development of Lihou Tiger and the change of people's understanding of Lihou Tiger all promoted the production of Lihou Tiger from the spontaneous creation to the spontaneous commodity production,which contained the wisdom of the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage.Productive protection provides the impetus for the survival of the Lihou Tiger in modern society,but the simple production protection will result in the situation of "no folk customs,only commodities".Lihou Tiger technology is accumulated by local people on the basis of daily production and living practice.It represents people's life style,embodies people's experience and wisdom,and is the carrier of rural collective memory and rural cultural identity.In the production of the Lihou Tiger,it only pays attention to the physical production without paying attention to the spiritual core,which may lead to the rupture of the collective memory.Based on the reflection of the limitation of production protection,this paper analyzes the inheritance and practice of the Lihou Tiger in the current society from the perspective of "life-oriented protection",understands the transformation and adjustment between the tradition and the modern,and then understands the change and development of the traditional handicraft in the modern society.The first chapter of this paper is the introduction.Firstly,it discusses the traditional handicraft,the production protection of handicraft,the protection of life and the collective memory.Secondly,it introduces the research methods and related terms,which lays the foundation for the discussion of the following paper.The second chapter analyzes the living environment(natural environment and human environment)of Lihou Tiger.The third chapter describes the process of constructing the collective memory of Lihou Tiger handicraft and the various forms of collective memory expressed by the people.The fourth chapter aims to discuss the change of the skills of the Lihou Tiger and the change of people's cognition through the discussion of the change of the living environment of the Lihou Tiger.It mainly focuses on the transformation from folk to official dominance,the transformation from folk belief objects to commodities in the market economy and the change of handicraft connotation in the modern living environment.The fifth chapter,from the perspective of inheritance and innovation,looks at the practice of Lihou Tiger skills in modern society.This practice process is the embodiment of the new development of Lihou Tiger skills in modern society,and it is also the way of constructing and expressing the collective memory of Lihou Tiger in modern society.The conclusion part,through the analysis of the previous chapters,reflects on the protection and development of traditional handicrafts.In a word,through the study of the Lihou Tiger in Licheng County,this paper reflects on the protection and modernization of traditional handicrafts from a micro perspective,which plays a certain supplementary role in the study of the local Lihou Tiger and the protection and practice of the intangible cultural heritage.At the same time,the new development of the Lihou Tiger technique has injected greater impetus to the economic and social development of the countryside,strengthened the collective memory and local cultural identity,and promoted the rural revitalization.Taking Lihou Tiger as an example,we can see that traditional handicrafts are produced in a specific living environment and adapt to the social environment of development and change.Traditional handicrafts are not only determined by the production and life style of the people,but also affect the production and life of the people.They are always the powerful carrier of rural collective memory and rural cultural identity.In modern society,traditional handicrafts have been practiced and recreated by the people in many fields,forming a new folk life that keeps pace with The Times.