Althusser's "Theoretical Anti-Humanitarian" Thought Study

Louis Althusser is a representative figure of the scientism school in the western Marxist trend.In the 1960s and 1970s,in order to liquidate various forms of bourgeois humanism and opposed the dogmatization and vulgarization of Marxism,Althusser used the structuralist method that was popular in France at the time to explain Marxism."Theoretical anti-humanism" is the core point of view,and a series of new interpretations of Marxism have been made,and its theoretical doctrine is called"structural Marxism".This article studies the special historical context of Althusser's theory,analyzes Althusser's "theoretical anti-humanitarianism" proposition,and attempts to answer Althusser's "multiple determinism","historical non-subject theory"," How does "theoretical practice"theory and ideology theory support his core idea of"theoretical anti-humanism" and makes an analysis of his theory.The humanitarian trend of thought that prevailed in the international communist movement in the 1960s and 1970s,the dogmatic phenomenon that has long existed in the international communist movement,and the structuralist trend of thought that emerged in France in the middle of the 20th century are the history of Althusser's thought.background.In order to oppose the humanitarianization of Marxism and"defend" the scientific nature of Marxism from being"stained" by the bourgeois humanist philosophy,Althusser staged Marx's thinking with the concept of"epistemological break" and proposed Marx's youth His thoughts belonged to the humanistic philosophy.On the basis of "breaking off" with young Marx,Marx in his mature period established historical science,historical materialism.Therefore,he proposed that Marxism is "theoretical anti-humanism",which is intended to indicate that Marxism is not a speculative philosophy based on the abstract nature of human beings,but a science that clarifies the objective development law of social history."Theoretical anti-humanitarianism" is at the core of Althusser's theoretical system.Other views in Althusser's theoretical system either provide a theoretical foundation for this core position,or extend its theory.Connotation.Althusser interpreted Marx's dialectics as "plural determinism," and intended to oppose the interpretation of Marxism as a humanistic philosophy that attributed the driving force of social and historical development to the nature of human beings,as well as to fully attribute the causes of social and historical development to Mechanoeconomic Determinism of Economic Factors.His "historical non-subject theory" replaced the dominant role of human with the leading role of social structure,which was intended to dispel the dominant position of human and negate the theory of humanitarianism and human freedom.His"theoretical practice" theory critiqued empirical epistemology and defined humanistic philosophy as a product of experience induction.His theory of ideology aims to explain that in the course of history,man was determined and dominated by social structure,and denied the view of the nature of human freedom proclaimed by the trend of humanitarian thought.Althusser's "theoretical anti-humanitarianism" thought dismissed the western humanitarian trend of thought and made some theoretical contributions to the development of Marxism.However,due to the limitations of his theoretical methods and research methods,his theory deviated from Marxism,and his good desire to"defend" Marxism fell through.Dialectical evaluation of Althusser's theory is of great significance for our correct understanding and grasp of Marxism.