Effects Of Endurance And Resistance Exercise On The Expression Of Nischarin And Rac1 Protein In Rat Kidney And Skeletal Muscle

Objective: To analyze the influence of endurance and resistance exercise on the expression of Nischarin and Rac1 protein in kidney and skeletal muscle,and to explore the possible mechanism of influence.Methods: Thirty healthy male SD adult rats were randomly divided into blank control group(C group),endurance exercise group(EE group)and resistance exercise group(RE group).In the RE group,rats were intervened with weight-bearing ladders for a total of 8 weeks.After 8 weeks,the kidney and muscle tissues of the rats were taken,and HE staining was used to observe the changes of the kidney and muscle microstructures of each group of rats.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to determine the Nischarin in the kidney and muscle tissues of each group of rats.,Rac1 protein expression was localized and semi-quantitatively studied;Western blot(WB)was used to qualitatively study the protein expression of Nischarin and Rac1 in the kidney and muscle tissue of each group of rats.Results: 1.HE staining experiment: 400× microscope observation,the glomerular volume of the EE group increased,the glomerular capsule wall was smooth,the cavity was obvious,and the structure of the renal tubule was basically normal;The cavity of the renal capsule is not clear,the width is narrow,and occasionally a small amount of renal tubular epithelial cell vacuoles degeneration,and some areas are slightly congested in the interstitial,and more erythrocyte aggregation can be seen;the muscle structure of the EE group is complete and the muscle fiber volume increases No obvious inflammatory cell infiltration was observed;the muscle fiber volume of the RE group increased and the interstitial space increased,with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.2.IHC experiment: 400× microscope observation,Nischarin and Rac1 proteins are mainly cytoplasmic expression and interstitial expression.(1)Compared with group C,Nischarin protein levels of kidney and skeletal muscle in EE group and RE group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and Rac1 protein levels were significantly increased(P<0.05);(2)In each group,the Nischarin and Rac1 protein levels of the kidney and skeletal muscle showed a simultaneous downward trend;(3)The EE group and the RE group had no significant difference in the Nischarin and Rac1 protein levels of the kidney and skeletal muscle(P>0.05).3.WB experiment:(1)Compared with group C,the expression of Nischarin protein in kidney of RE group,kidney of EE group and skeletal muscle was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the expression of Nischarin protein in skeletal muscle of RE group was significant Sexual decline(P<0.05).(2)Compared with group C,the expression of Rac1 protein in kidney and skeletal muscle of RE group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the expression of Rac1 protein in kidney and skeletalmuscle of EE group was extremely significantly increased(P <0.01).(3)In each group,Nischarin and Rac1 protein expressions of kidney and skeletal muscle showed a simultaneous downward trend;in EE group,the expression of Rac1 protein of skeletal muscle and kidney was significantly increased(P<0.01).(4)Compared with the RE group,the Nischarin protein expression of the skeletal muscle decreased significantly(P<0.01),and the Rac1 protein expression of the skeletal muscle increased significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion: 1.Endurance and resistance exercise can reduce the expression of Nischarin protein in rats and up-regulate the expression of Rac1 protein in rats.The effect of endurance exercise is more significant.2.In both endurance and resistance exercise modes,Nischarin protein regulates Rac1 protein expression in a negatively regulated manner.3.Under the same exercise intervention,the distribution and expression of Nischarin and Rac1 protein in kidney compared with skeletal muscle showed a synchronous downward trend.4.Exercise can improve energy metabolism by activating Rac1 activity and reducing the expression of Nischarin protein,which provides a new opportunity for future research on the mechanism of exercise to prevent diabetes and other metabolic diseases.