| As we all know,college entrance examination is an important way for the universities and the state to select talents,and it's also a relatively fair test for most of us.In recent years,with the progress of time and the continuous development of science and technology,many new industries have been emerged,and new requirements are put forward to new talents.In order to meet this kind of transfer,the mode of college entrance examination is also changing,from the traditional college entrance examination to the new college entrance examination,until the new college entrance examination is fully implemented in china.The traditional college entrance examination is made up of "department of science and engineering" and "department of literature and history",and this mature college entrance examination mode is the most widely used up to 2021.The new college entrance examination was launched from Zhejiang and Shanghai in 2014 and formally implemented in 2017.It is also implemented in Beijing,Shandong,Tianjin and Hainan in 2020.Finally,the new college entrance examination will be implemented in china.There are lots of research on the analysis of college entrance examination questions based on "Literacy-Oriented",but the detailed analysis of a college entrance examination question is still relatively limited.From the perspective of key competencies,this study makes a detailed analysis of the comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principle in college entrance examination,and it can not only provide the basis for the proposition of the college entrance examination,but also it can provide the teaching ideas and strategies for the teachers,and it can provide the solution ideas and methods for the students to complete the comprehensive problems of chemical reaction principle too.This study adopts the methods of literature research,quantitative analysis,qualitative analysis and questionnaire survey,aiming to makes a detailed comparative analysis of the comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principle in the national volumes I,II and III from 2016 to 2020 with the national new college entrance examination volumes I and II from 2020.Through comparative analysis,I summarize the structural framework,characteristics and order characteristics of comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principle in national volumes ?,? and ? from 2016 to 2020:First,the degree of difficulty of comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principles is relatively low,and the number of fill-in-the-blanks is 8-10,and with a score of 14-15.Second,the background of the comprehensive question of chemical reaction principle is based on the latest scene material of life and production in that year,and the examination contents mainly include chemical reaction and energy,chemical reaction rate and chemical balance.Third,the comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principles have higher requirements for the examination of students' core literacy of chemistry,and the content of the examination covers multiple connotations of core literacy,but mainly examines the core literacy of students' "changing concepts and balancing thoughts".But in 2020,the new national college entrance examination volumes ? and ? change the mode of setting questions,and the examination of the knowledge points of the comprehensive questions of chemical reaction principles in the traditional test paper is dispersed into the objective questions and subjective questions,which reduces the students' cognitive comprehension ability and improves the score rate of students when they complete this question.In this study,through the analysis of the comprehensive question of chemical reaction principle in college entrance examination and the analysis of students' problems in solving this problem,and at the same time the corresponding teaching strategies are put forward,and can also provide ideas for teachers' classroom teaching and teaching evaluation.At the same time enable students to have a clearer thinking when doing questions,and have more focus when answering questions.In the end,this research came to the following conclusions:First,whether the traditional college entrance examination or the new college entrance examination,the overall difficulty of the comprehensive question of chemical reaction principle is relatively large.Although the knowledge points for examination are relatively fixed,the examination requirements for the core literacy of the chemistry subject are relatively high.Second,by analyzing the problems that students have in solving comprehensive question of chemical reaction principle,it is found that students have many problems in calculating the heat of reaction(thermochemical equation writing),the factors affecting chemical reaction rate,the judgment mark of chemical equilibrium,the calculation of conversion rate,and the factors affecting the movement of chemical equilibrium,and only a very small number of excellent students can get higher scores,resulting in a generally low score for this question.Third,by summarizing the proposed teaching strategies,it is concluded that in addition to explaining the knowledge points when carrying out classroom teaching,teachers should also teach problem-solving skills and give problem-solving models based on the core literacy of the chemistry discipline,and pay attention to them in the classroom and outside the classroom.Cultivate students'core "competence of evidence reasoning and model cognition",and teachers also should implement the integration of teaching evaluation,especially the evaluation of daily chemistry learning.At the same time,students should think divergently,summarize the ideas for solving this problem,conduct daily training based on the problem-solving methods and models provided by the teacher,and actively cultivate the core literacy of chemistry in the daily learning process,and also achieve regular error correction and self-improvement.Reflect,and continuously improve their sense of knowledge acquisition and self-cognition ability. |
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