Teachers' Common Guidance Strategies In Small Class Living Area And Their Optimization

Based on grounded theory approach,this paper conducts observation and semi—structural interview among two kindergarten teachers in one class to reveal the types and characteristics of support strategies of teachers using in the living area activities who aimed at promoting the development of healthy behaviors for preschool children.In addition,this paper analyzes the problems and their causes in the process of teachers using strategies.Moreover,it could offer some relevant suggestions and advice to optimize the support strategies of teachers.Firstly,this paper divides the strategies that observed in the living area into five types: model demonstration,informed,perceptive,appreciation,discussion and evaluation.By summarizing and refining the characteristics of the process of using strategies by teachers,it finds that the process is a combination of child care and education,and also a process of finding and utilizing the opportunity of health education,which has the characteristics of inertia tendency,overlapping and interspersing.Then,this paper finds two problems in the process of teachers using strategies.One is that teachers ignore the child’s subjectivity,another is that teachers pay more attention to the form than the practical effect.Ignoring the child’s subjectivity is mainly reflected in the following aspects: teachers attach more importance to instruction than communication,which hinders the formation of children’s healthy attitude;and focus on result rather than process in the discussion,so that the healthy needs of children are ignored.Emphasizing the form over the practical effect is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the inappropriate reward has a negative effect on the development of children’s healthy behaviors;the“punishment”without boundary awareness ignores the emotional experience of children.This paper finds teachers’ one-sided understanding of preschool children’s health education,the lack of child care and education experience,and teachers’ busy schedule are the causes of the problems.Finally,this paper puts forward suggestions to optimize teachers’ support strategies from the perspectives of teacher and kindergarten.On one hand,teachers should improve their inner ability and optimize their own support strategies in the process of observation and reflection,that is,they should really listen and construct with children;position reward and punishment reasonably.On the other hand,the kindergarten should provide external support to build a platform for optimizing teachers’ strategies,including establishing the appropriate couple between the mentor and the apprentice to enrich the apprentice’s experience of child care and education;carrying out health education teaching and research activities to help teachers grasp the law of health education.