Research On The Construction Model Of The Item Bank Of Biology Basic Questions In Senior High School

In recent years,with the in-depth development of test evaluation,the item bank has become the mainstream test preparation technology.The item bank construction has become an important measure in the educational reform that has been repeatedly emphasized.Test questions are the main carrier of test evaluation.Teachers should follow the rules of students' cognitive development when selecting a topic.However,in the actual teaching situations,it is difficult for teachers to carry out basic screening of every test question used by students in practice,leading to some students doing difficult problems when the foundation is not solid,which greatly frustrates the enthusiasm of learning.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out in-depth research on the connotation,characteristics and screening of basic test questions,and to build a basic item bank.On the basis of analyzing the law of students' cognitive development,this study defines that "on the level of basic thinking,examination questions of subject knowledge are basic questions".Then,through literature research,content analysis and questionnaire survey,the following results were obtained:1)it defines the performance skills of "basic thinking" and the corresponding specific performance of each skill.Through the study of thinking stratification of different scholars in the field of educational taxonomy,the specific skills of "basic thinking" process are sorted out,including "distinction","recognition","recall","explanation","illustration","classification","summary","comparison" and "execution".Specific performance criteria for each subskill were identified: the "distinction" involved distinguishing important or critical information from the given material;"Recognition" is to find the knowledge related to the information presented in long-term memory,so as to verify the relationship between the information presented and the knowledge learned;"Recall" is to extract relevant information from long-term memory after receiving a prompt so that the information can be processed later."Explanation" refers to the transformation of the presentation of information,such as the conversion from picture form,text form,digital form,etc."Example" is to enumerate one or more examples according to the defining characteristics of general concepts or principles."Categorization" is when an individual identifies the attributes of a class of objects and determines whether something belongs to the same category;"Summary" is to summarize a theme or main point of the information presented;"Comparison" is to find the corresponding relationship between two or more objects,events,etc.(such as similarities and differences);Execution is the stylized execution of a program in a familiar situation.2)based on the high school biology "molecules that make up cells",a basic item bank was established.In this study,according to the specific behavioral standards corresponding to each sub-skill of "basic thinking",the text analysis of 104 multiple choice questions obtained from the network and teaching materials was conducted by taking the "molecules that constitute cells" of high school biology as an example,and 80 basic questions were screened out.These basic questions and the corresponding performance of the "basic thinking" sub-skills behind the questions were compiled into questionnaires and distributed to high school biology teachers for evaluation to further evaluate the basis of the questions.Finally,78 basic questions were obtained to form a basic item bank.45 test questions were selected from the basic test database for the students who have completed the learning tasks.The scoring rates of the classes at different levels are different and the differences are significant,which reflect that the basic test questions can better reflect the students' grasp of basic knowledge and can guide the teaching.3)summarize the construction process of the above basic item bank and construct the construction model of the basic question bank.In the building of the basic question,first of all,we need through content analysis method to determine the basic thinking of specific skills and behaviors,and then,as the standard,content analysis was carried out on the collected alternative questions,screening of basic questions,and then to filter the basic questions and analysis of the questionnaire,survey teachers' perception of basic questions,according to the survey to try to do further revision,and get the students to test the utility of the basic questions,finally formed a basic item bank.