A Study Of Sixth Graders Solving Fractional Problems

As a bridge between integers and decimals,fraction learning is of great significance to students.Through reading relevant literature,I find that there are many concepts of fraction,which are abstract and difficult to understand,bringing great difficulties for students to solve problems.Therefore,this study divides the concept of fraction into five categories: equal fraction,unit quantity,equivalent fraction,representing a number or point on the number line and quotient,investigate the current situation of grade 6 students' solving score problems,and put forward suggestions according to the problems found in the research,which has certain guiding significance for teachers' teaching and students' learning.On the basis of SOLO classification theory,this study adopts literature analysis method,survey method,interview method,EXCEL and SPSS software to analyze students' test papers,and finally draws the following conclusions:1.The current situation of grade 6 students solving the problem of fractionsStudents' understanding of the concept of fraction is mainly at level 1 and Level 2.The concept of five fractions is easier for students to understand than equivalent fractions,while a number or point on the number line is the most difficult to understand.Students' understanding of fractional word problems is mainly at level two.2.Types of errors that grade 6 students make when solving grade problemsThe types of mistakes students make in understanding the concept of fraction are as follows :(1)misunderstand "equal mark" as a graph with the same shape and size;(2)The unit quantity of true and false fractions cannot be correctly judged;(3)Do not understand the unit of score "1" in discrete quantity situation;(4)Can not correctly represent the true fraction and false fraction;(5)can not flexibly use the basic properties of fractions;(6)Does not represent fractions on the number line;(7)Does not explain the meaning of fractions from a business point of view;(8)Do not understand the relationship between the numerator and denominator of fractions and the dividend and divisor in the division formula.The types of errors students made in solving the word problems of fractions are as follows :(1)unable to identify the changing unit quantity;(2)Can't judge the unit quantity;(3)Poor grasp of basic concepts;(4)confused thinking,random column;(5)Calculation errors;(6)Non-standard writing.3.Analysis of fault causes of grade 6 students' solving score problemsThe main reasons for students to solve the problem of fractions are :(1)misunderstand the concept of fractions;(2)confuse the concept of fraction;(3)Lack of life experience;(4)Lack of problem analysis ability;(5)Careless reading and careless calculation.