Design And Practice Of Extracurricular Experimental Activities Of High Shcool Chemistry Based On Problem-Based Learning(PBL)

With the promulgation of the Chemistry Curriculum Standards for General High Schools(2017 Edition),increasing attention is paid to the development of students'core literacy and the enhancement of their comprehensive abilities in Chinese chemistry education.As a practical discipline,experiments and extracurricular activities are effective educational ways to improve students'chemistry core literacy.And the extracurricular chemistry experimental activities based on problem-based learning(PBL)integrate the students'subjectivity and cooperation of PBL education concept and the practicality of extracurricular chemistry experimental activities,which is helpful for students to deeply master the knowledge points of chemistry and improve their comprehensive application ability of knowledge,so as to cultivate the core accomplishment of chemistry.In this thesis,we firstly systematically study the literature related to PBL and chemistry extracurricular experimental activities and define the concept of problem-based chemistry extra-curricular experimental activities on the basis of the literature.Secondly,a survey was conducted in a middle school in Ningde City to understand the current attitudes of high school students toward chemistry experiments,chemistry extracurricular experimental activities,and the current situation of their problem-solving skills.What's more,the front-line teachers'views and suggestions on carrying out problem-based extracurricular chemistry experiment activities are recognized through interview,which provides references for the design of subsequent activity projects.Secondly,the design and organization of problem-based chemistry extracurricular experimental activities,including basic features,implementation process,and constraints,are proposed based on constructivism,humanism,contextual cognition,and other relevant theories.Finally,the activity projects of problem-based chemistry extracurricular experiments are designed and practiced,and eventually the effectiveness of the problem-based chemistry extracurricular experimental activity projects is analyzed.Two activities projects related to electrochemical knowledge are designed in this thesis Project 1 is"Electrochemistry and New Energy Technology",which introduces new energy vehicle technology and non-precious metal catalysts.This makes students to explore"the relationship between electrode materials,voltage and other factors and ion discharge capacity",and helps students to consolidate their knowledge of primary cells and electrolytic cells and to learn extra knowledge of"factors affecting ion discharge capacity".Project 2 is"Exploring the production process of the chlor-alkali industry".By introducing the production process of the chlor-alkali industry and reviewing the discharge order of common ions,students are guided to explore"whether the discharge order of OH^-is better than that of Cl^-in an alkaline environment".Project 2 helps students consolidate their knowledge about the electrolysis of salt water and realize that the order of ion discharges in the electrolytic cell is related to the extra conditions.After students participated in the two activities,the effectiveness of the two activities was evaluated through a variety of methods,including student self-evaluation,teacher observation and evaluation,paper-and-pencil quizzes,and activity interviews,and the following conclusions were drawn:problem-based chemistry extracurricular experimental activities not only help students master chemistry knowledge,broaden their extracurricular knowledge especially cutting-edge scientific and technological knowledge and social knowledge,stimulate students'interest in learning,but also promote students'comprehensive abilities such as active learning,experimental investigation,cooperative learning and problem solving.