The Eye Movement Trajectory Representation And Influencing Factors Of Geospatial Problem Solving ——An Example Of Direction Judgment

Eye tracking technology provides a powerful support for the research of human's cognition process.Geospatial problem solving includes the extraction of geospatial knowledge,the application geospatial ability,as well as cognitive operations such as analysis,reasoning and decision-making.Revealing the cognitive process of solving geospatial problem is of great significance to the study of geospatial thinking ability.In order to explore the eye movement characteristics and influencing factors of students with correct and wrong answers in the process of geospatial problem solving,eye tracking technology and retrospective interview were used to investigate the geospatial problem solving of 70 individuals.Using the methods of data statistics,behavior sequence analysis and oral report content analysis,this research analyzes the differences in eye movement between the correct group and the wrong group,and explores its influencing factors.The result shows that there are significant differences in eye movement indexes between the correct group and the other one.Specifically,the students in wrong group need longer time to complete the task and longer fixation time than the correct students,indicating that the right students have paid more cognitive efforts in task.The wrong group had more fixation time in the picture area.Combining their oral explanation,we can find that the wrong students can not quickly grasp the differences in the pictures and extract the geographic information reflected by the differences.In the later stage of the problem-solving process,the correct group have a more simple gaze position conversion mode,but the wrong one is more complex.The differences of eye movement data between correct and wrong groups are affected not only by the experimental materials,but also by the individual characteristics.According to experiment subjects' oral reports,it is found that map reading ability,spatial ability and cognitive efforts are the main factors influencing the solution of geospatial problems.Building on this study,this paper proposes that spatial imagination can help geospatial problem-solving.Body simulation turns abstract space into concrete.Obtaining accurate information is the basis of geospatial problem-solving.These are the suggestions for solving geospatial problems.