Design Of Rumen PH Monitoring System For Dairy Cows By Using Of Internet Of Things Technology

In recent years,the scale of dairy farming in China has been expanding,and the management level has been increasing.Accurate individual health monitoring of dairy cows is the key technology to further enhance the scale of dairy farming and promote the upgrade of dairy farming industry.At present,in the large-scale dairy cow farms,in order to increase milk production,high starch,high protein and low fiber concentrate feed is generally added during feeding,which is easy to induce rumen acidosis and seriously affects the health of dairy cattle.For the prevention and treatment of rumen acidosis,researchers attempt to develop pH and temperature monitoring devices that can be indwelled in the rumen for a long time to achieve long-term continuous monitoring of rumen environmental factors.At present,there is no monitoring device for rumen pH and temperature in China,which restricts the effective development of prevention and control of rumen acidosis.Based on the wireless communication technology of the Internet of Things（Io T）and the cloud data management platform,an indwelling pH and temperature monitoring device was developed for the prevention and control of rumen acidosis of dairy cows in the large-scale dairy cow farms.The detection unit uses a low power circuit design.Detection data is transmitted using Lo Ra wireless communication technology.Data is relayed by Lo Ra gateway and uploaded to Alibaba Cloud platform through 4G network.The device enables continuous monitoring of rumen pH and temperature over a long period of time.The main research work and results are as follows:（1）A real-time monitoring system for rumen pH and temperature of dairy cows was proposed to prevent rumen acidosis.In rumen environment,the orientation of pH probe could not be fixed vertically.Lan Sen331 pH electrode was selected as pH sensor in this paper.According to the rumen temperature range of dairy cows,Pt1000 is selected as temperature sensor.In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of different wireless communication technologies on the Io T Lo Ra was chosen as the communication technology to transmit the wireless signal from the rumen to the outside of the dairy cow.For the convenience of equipment cattle farm deployment,select 4G communication technology as the gateway to access the Internet,and select Alibaba Cloud as the real-time display and storage platform.（2）Completed the hardware design of the rumen pH and temperature detection unit and Lo Ra gateway for dairy cows.According to the requirements of data collection accuracy and work life,the data collection,storage and control circuit of the detection unit is designed.The control circuit uses ZSL420 chip from ZHIYUAN Micro Electronics Company.ZSL420 has Lo Ra wireless communication circuit.The Lo Ra gateway uses STM32L476 as the master chip,and the 4G module uses AIR724 UG module.（3）The software development of the monitoring system and Lo Ra gateway has been completed.For the pH and temperature detection unit,the device calibration program,pH measurement calibration program,data collection and storage program are completed.In the aspect of data transmission,the Lo Ra wireless transmission network construction program,the detection unit entry program,and the data wireless transmission program are completed.On the Alibaba Cloud platform,data storage and display functions have been completed.（4）After the design of the system is completed,the accuracy of pH measurement,temperature measurement,power consumption and wireless transmission performance of the detection unit are tested.The results show that the measurement error of pH is less than±0.02 and that of temperature is less than ±0.1℃.The unit is powered by 2200 m Ah/3.6V lithium battery,and the battery life can reach 2.6 years when the detection interval is set to10 minutes.Wireless signals can be reliably transmitted within 50 m.Finally,a dairy farm field test was conducted in which the equipment was placed in the rumen of a dairy cow for5 days through a rumen fistula.The results showed that there was a good correlation between the recorded values of the monitoring system and the pH of the manually determined rumen fluid（r=0.961,P<0.05）.The monitoring system designed in this study can continuously monitor the changes of rumen pH and temperature in dairy cows,meet the design requirements,and provide reliable reference for the early detection and diagnosis of rumen acidosis.