Data Integration And Bioinformatics Studies Of Sensor Proteins

In organisms,sensing of information from the environment is essential and crucial for life activities such as growth,development and reproduction.During the sensing process,some proteins which was defined as sensor proteins undergo changes in activity or function under the direct affecting by signal,and then serve as key nodes which are input terminals for environmental information.Sensor proteins,as key components,are involved in the regulation of biological processes,and their expression disorder or dysfunction can lead to disorder of biological processes,which in turn lead to diseases.In recent years,with the deepening of the research on sensor proteins,their experiment data was accumulating continuously.How to integrate these data and provide help for related research has become an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,this study carried out data integration,annotation,database construction and bioinformatics analysis around sensor proteins.First,we used multiple keywords to search literature in the Pub Med database,and integrated two public databases to manually collect data of experimentally identified sensor proteins.Through literature collection and public database integration,712 experimentally identified sensor proteins involving 7 sensing types from 109 species were collected from 399 scientific literature and two public databases.Further,experimentally identified information such as protein sensing type,properties,evidence,tissue distribution,subcellular localization,and function were manually collected from literature and public databases.By conducting orthologous search on the collected experimentally identified eukaryotic sensor proteins,477 orthologous proteins involving 7 sensing types from 43 eukaryotes were obtained.Then,we annotated the sensor proteins and constructed the dbSP(integrative database of sensor proteins).Sensor proteins were annotated with data downloaded from 14 public databases such as Uni Prot,Bio GRID and CDD in following aspects:basic information,tissue distribution,subcellular localization,function,protein posttranslational modification sites,protein-protein interactions,domain information and3 D structure.Based on the annotated sensor proteins data,we construct a free online database website dbSP(http://dbsp.omicsbio.info/)by using multiple programming languages such as Python,PHP,Java Script,and HTML.The website provides multiple search and browsing options for users to quickly query and batch download the interested sensor proteins.Compared with other sensor proteins databases,dbSP has more sensor protein types and more abundant species,and the annotation is more comprehensive.Finally,based on the human sensor proteins data,this study performed a series of bioinformatics analysis.The enrichment analyses of GO,KEGG,drug targets and human disease-related proteins showed that human sensor proteins mainly involved in various sensing processes,closely related to ion transport and taste transduction,etc.;and multiple human sensor proteins were significantly enriched in disease-related proteins and drug target proteins,reflecting that human sensor proteins are closely related to diseases.The human sensor protein interaction network’s relationship with biological processes and human diseases showed that the human sensor protein interaction network is involved in the regulation of biological processes such as ion transport and human diseases such as tumors.The differences in cancer mutations between the transmembrane region and the non-transmembrane region of the human sensor proteins showed that missense mutations were found to be significantly enriched in the transmembrane region of human sensor proteins compared to the nontransmembrane region.In summary,this work constructed a dbSP database by collecting,integrating and comprehensively annotating of sensor proteins,and further analyzed the potential regulation of human sensor proteins and their interaction networks on biological functions and diseases.This work will provide data resources and new research ideas for in-depth exploration of the regulatory mechanism of sensor proteins.