Research On The Promotion Efficiency Of Electric Vehicles In China Based On DEA-TOBIT

The "dual carbon" goal requires China’s transportation sector to accelerate the pace of energy transformation,and electric vehicles are the most promising transformation plan for the passenger vehicle sector.The cost and infrastructure layout of electric vehicles are difficult to compete with gasoline vehicles,and their large-scale penetration faces challenges,requiring sustained policy support.As subsidies gradually withdraw,it is necessary to further identify the key influencing factors for the promotion of the electric vehicle market in order to formulate targeted policies.Therefore,based on the DEA-TOBIT model,this article first evaluates the promotion efficiency of electric vehicles in 21 regions using the BCC model and Malmquist index model,and calculates the comprehensive efficiency,total factor productivity,and other indicators of each region;Afterwards,the panel TOBIT model was used to further analyze the key influencing factors that contribute to the heterogeneity of electric vehicle promotion efficiency in different regions,as well as the intensity and direction of each factor’s impact.The results show that:(1)driven by technological progress,the overall efficiency of electric vehicle promotion in China showed an upward trend from 2014 to 2021,but there were significant regional differences,and Beijing was far better than other regions,mainly due to its active industrial policy and strict emission policy;Total factor productivity as a whole is on the rise,and technological progress is the main reason.(2)Economic factors are the most influential factors,and the number of public charging piles,the proportion of renewable energy generation,and the number of people receiving higher education are significant in the level of 1%among non-economic factors.(3)The popularity of infrastructure is the main factor causing the difference in the development scale of electric vehicles,which means that the convenience of using electric vehicles is also the most concerned factor for consumers;The reason for the insufficient number of public charging piles in some areas is the low level of technology,and the rising cost of use and inconvenient use have seriously limited the popularity of electric vehicles.(4)Increasing the proportion of possible energy and electricity and increasing the number of higher education are also key factors affecting the efficiency of electric vehicle promotion,which means that improving the cleanliness of electric vehicles and strengthening public awareness of their environmental benefits can increase the competitiveness of the electric vehicle industry and help improve the efficiency of electric vehicle promotion.Based on the above research results,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:(1)the government,energy and transportation departments jointly integrate resources,jointly solve the problems of low resource utilization,low management efficiency and low technical level,further improve the technical level and innovation ability,and efficiently implement the large-scale development plan of electric vehicles.(2)Accelerate the layout of infrastructure,further improve the convenience of consumers to use electric vehicles,reduce the cost of electric vehicles,and improve consumers’ awareness and trust in the use of electric vehicles.At the same time,strengthen the public’s awareness of the advantages of electric vehicles,increase the public’s attention to environmental protection,and promote the large-scale development of electric vehicles.(3)Accelerate the cleaning of electricity.The large-scale use of electric vehicles can improve the utilization rate of renewable energy installed capacity,improve the efficiency of the power system by harnessing the potential ofthe transportation sector,and then strengthen the integration of renewable energy,parallel to the development of electric vehicles,and help achieve the "dual carbon" goal on schedule.