Spatial-temporal Pattern Of Marine Welfare Level And Its Influencing Factors In Coastal Areas Of China

With the marine economy’s contribution to China’s economic development increasing yearly,marine welfare is gradually becoming an essential element of welfare.Xi Jinping has stressed the need to adhere to a people-centered approach and the importance of enhancing people’s well-being and promoting human development.Therefore,while striving to promote the development of the marine economy,we should actively explore how to share the fruits of the development of the marine economy with the residents of the coastal areas,enhance the well-being of the residents of the coastal regions,and thus achieve high-quality development of the marine economy.Based on defining the connotation of marine welfare,this thesis constructs a marine welfare indicator system,uses a variable fuzzy identification model to make a comprehensive measurement and evaluation of the marine welfare level of 11 coastal regions in China,and carries out a spatial and temporal divergence analysis,explores the constitutive factors of marine welfare in China,improves the measurement system of marine welfare level in China,explores the social benefits generated by the results of marine economic development,and finally detects the influencing factors of marine welfare level in China’s coastal regions based on a geographic probe model,to propose targeted countermeasure suggestions to improve marine welfare level in coastal areas of China.The results show that:(1)In terms of level evaluation,China’s marine welfare level as a whole was on a year-on-year upward trend from 2006 to 2019.From all dimensions,the marine economic welfare level was directly influenced by the development of the marine economy and had the fastest average annual growth rate during the study period;the development of the marine economy had a pulling effect on the improvement of both the marine social welfare level and the marine cultural welfare level,which showed a year-on-year upward trend with a steady increase during the study period;the marine ecological welfare level showed a fluctuating upward trend during the study period.From the perspective of regional differences,according to the division of the three major marine economic spheres,from an overall perspective,the Gini coefficient of the level of marine welfare in coastal areas is on the rise,indicating that the regional differences in the level of marine welfare in coastal areas are on a widening trend,and from the main causes of regional differences,super-variable density is the main reason for the differences in the level of marine welfare in coastal areas.(2)In terms of spatial and temporal patterns,temporally,the level of marine welfare in coastal areas was significantly increased from 2006-2019,but the differences in the level of marine welfare received by residents between coastal areas widened over time;the level of marine economic welfare,the level of marine social welfare and the level of marine cultural welfare all increased significantly during the study period,but all showed multi-level polarisation,while the level of marine ecological welfare showed a fluctuating upward trend of rising and then falling,with the polarisation phenomenon improving after 2014.Spatially,the level of marine welfare in coastal areas in 2019 shows a distribution pattern of low marine welfare levels in the coastal areas on the north and south sides and high in the southeast coastal areas;marine economic welfare levels,marine social welfare levels and marine cultural welfare levels are similar to the spatial distribution pattern of marine welfare levels;marine ecological welfare levels form an uneven distribution pattern of the northern marine economic circle developing around Tianjin,the eastern marine economic circle developing around Shanghai and the southern marine economic circle developing around Fujian.(3)In terms of the influencing factors,the results of the factor probing show that all eight influencing factors affecting the level of marine welfare have significant explanatory power,with government financial support,population size and information technology level being the core factors affecting the level of marine welfare,advanced marine industry structure,government regulation,marine resource endowment and marine infrastructure being the main factors affecting the level of marine welfare,and the level of openness is the general influencing factor of the level of marine welfare.The results of the interaction detection show that the core and main impact factors interact with other factors to show enhanced characteristics,that the level of openness has an enhanced effect on other impact factors,and that the combined effect of multiple factors is more significant and effective in enhancing the level of marine welfare.