Research On Soil Improvement By Agricultural And Forestry Waste And Its Application In The Cultivation Of Aralia Continentalis

Aralia continentalis Kitagawa,also known as herb thorn bud and Northeast Chinese angelica,is a perennial herb of Aralia in Araliaceae.The bud in early spring is a famous wild vegetable with rich nutrition and unique flavor.Its root can be used as medicine and has the effects of promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,anti-inflammatory and analgesic.Planting Aralia continentalis can make farmers obtain economic benefits and get rid of poverty.However,there are few artificial cultivation of Aralia continentalis,and the application of agricultural and forestry waste in the cultivation of Aralia continentalis is a blank.This paper mainly studied the physical and chemical properties of four kinds of wastes(corn straw,coal ash residue,pine needle and agaric stick)after composting and fermentation and the improvement of soil properties after mixing with soil;And the application effect of Four Wastes in the cultivation of Aralia continentalis.The main research results are as follows:With the extension of composting fermentation time,the p H value of agricultural and forestry waste corn straw,pine needle and fungus rod decreased by 0.2-0.5.The four wastes were mixed with pastoral soil in the ratio of 1:1.After 4 months of composting and fermentation at the temperature of 28 ℃ and humidity of 40%,compared with the control pastoral soil,except coal ash,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of the other three mixed fermentation increased significantly,the field water capacity increased by 2.9-3.6%,the soil microbial content increased significantly and the p H value decreased.The results showed that the cultivation of waste as substrate had no significant effect on the height growth of Aralia continentalis in the field.Compared with the cultivation of control(pastoral soil),(pine needle: Pastoral soil 1:1),(corn straw: pine needle: Pastoral soil 3:2:5)(corn straw: agaric stick: pine needle: Pastoral soil: 3:3:4:10)significantly promoted the stem diameter growth of Aralia continentalis;Through correlation analysis,(corn straw: 1:1 in rural soil)and(Auricularia stick: 1:1 in rural soil)had the most significant promoting effect on the growth of Aralia continentalis.After the growth period of Aralia continentalis,the fresh weight and dry weight of its biomass were measured.The results showed that the fresh weight of mixed biomass of the two groups was higher,with an average of 328.89g/plant and 322.22g/plant,respectively.Ash residue: the fresh weight of biomass mixed with 1:1 of pastoral soil is the lowest,with an average of 256.11g/plant.Aralia continentalis was cultivated in the mixed soil of four kinds of agricultural and forestry wastes.The chlorophyll content of leaves in each group was measured,and the difference was significant.The variation range was 29.3-44.1(SPAD).Among them(corn straw: pine needle: Pastoral soil was 3:2:5 mixed),the average chlorophyll content of Aralia continentalis was the highest,(corn straw: Pastoral soil was 1:1 mixed),(coal ash residue: Pastoral soil was 1:1 mixed),and the chlorophyll content of the control group was lower.The pot experiment of Aralia continentalis was carried out by mixing four kinds of wastes in different proportions(a total of 9 groups).The results showed that the plant height of groups 3-7 was higher on the 120 th day of seedling pot growth,and the plant height of group 7(agaric stick: pine needle: Pastoral soil was 3:2:5)was the highest;Group 1(corn straw: 1:1 in pastoral soil)had the longest root system,with an average of 11.8cm;Group 5(pastoral soil)and group 6(corn straw: pine needle: Pastoral soil:3:2:5)followed,with 9.0CM and 8.0cm respectively;Group 4(pine needle: 1:1 in pastoral soil)had the shortest root growth,which was 2.5cm;During the 80th-120 th day of growth,the change value of stem diameter in each group is large,and the average stem diameter in group 1,group 2(agaric stick: Pastoral soil is 1:1 mixed)and group 6is higher.The experimental results of this paper will play a guiding role in the rational and effective utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes,especially in the cultivation of Aralia continentalis.