History Of Bryophytes Collection And Research In South China Before 1949

South China is the earliest area to collect and study bryophytes in China.It has a history of more than 270 years.In this paper,the history of bryophyte collection and research in Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,Hong Kong and Macao before 1949 was summarized and summarized by extensively consulting historical documents and collecting specimens at home and abroad.The bryophyte species were studied in detail,and the following conclusions were drawn :(1)The foreign scholars who collected bryophytes in South China before 1949 included 23 people and 2 teams,such as C.Ford and G.A.C.Herklots,from Britain,the United States,Germany,France,Italy and other countries.The foreign scholars who studied bryophytes included 14 people,such as E.S.Salmon and H.N.Dixon.Chinese scholars who collected bryophytes in South China before 1949 included 23 people such as W.T.Tsang and S.S.Sin and a team,while only one scholar studied bryophytes was P.C.Chen.(2)Before 1949,in South China,Guangdong was the earliest record of bryophytes collected by foreigners in 1751.The literature on bryophytes in South China was first published in 1757,and the time of collection and research was mostly concentrated from the middle of the19 th century to the middle of the 20 th century.Guangdong and Hainan are the earliest records of bryophytes collected in South China in 1917.The literature on bryophytes in South China was first published in 1941.Before 1949,the large collection of bryophytes in South China by foreigners was mainly concentrated in the coastal areas of south-central and southwest Guangdong and Hong Kong.The collection of bryophytes in South China is mainly concentrated in northern Guangdong,eastern,southern and southwestern Guangxi,and Haikou,Hainan,while the collection of bryophytes in western and northwestern Guangxi is relatively small.Only one foreigner in Macao has collected bryophytes.Chinese people have not collected bryophytes in Macao,and no scholars have done research on bryophytes in this area.(3)According to the comprehensive literature and specimen information,52 species of mosses belonging to 35 genera and 29 families and 16 species of liverworts belonging to 12 genera and 10 families were collected by foreigners and Chinese in Guangdong before 1949.Among them,10 new species of bryophytes(9 species collected by foreigners and1 species collected by Chinese)were collected in Guangxi.There were 50 species of mosses belonging to 37 genera and 25 families and 19 species of liverworts belonging to 13 genera and 10 families.There were 6 new species of bryophytes(including new varieties and new combinations),all collected by Chinese.A total of 29 species of mosses belonging to 22 genera and 17 families and 13 species of liverworts belonging to 3 genera and 1 family were collected in Hainan.A total of 13 new species(including new varieties,new combinations and new varieties)of bryophytes were collected by Chinese.In the Hong Kong,80 species of mosses belonging to 44 genera and 27 families,and 1 species of liverworts belonging to 1 genera and 1 family were collected.There were25 new species of bryophytes(22 species collected by foreigners and 3species collected by Chinese).Only 1 family,1 genus and 1 species of mosses were collected from foreigners in Macao.(4)A total of 54 new species of bryophytes were published in South China before 1949.After literature and specimen research,6 of them are still new species,and the rest are synonyms.