Research On The Application Modes Of Policy Tools In The Field Of EU Environmental Governance

With the continuous development of human production activities,the global ecological environment has been gradually destroyed.Europe discovered environmental problems earlier and actively formulated a series of environmental policies to govern and protect the ecological environment.As a regional alliance with relatively perfect system and system in the international community,the EU has rich experience in the field of environmental governance.The development of EU environmental policy began in the 1970 s.After years of development,the fields involved in EU environmental policy have been expanding,and the policy content is rich and perfect.EU environmental policy has gradually formed a unique governance model in the specific implementation process.On the basis of combing the development process of EU environmental policy,this paper hopes to explore the application mode of EU policy tools in the field of environmental governance.The EU’s environmental policy has experienced three development stages,each stage has different policy contents and objectives.Certain tools or means can be selected to assist in achieving policy objectives.Different policy areas have different policy tools.By combing the research of Chinese and foreign scholars on EU policy tools and comparing the application of policy tools,this paper summarizes three important policy tools in the field of EU environmental governance policy,namely command control,economic incentive and public participation.The characteristics of policy will affect the selection of policy tools.After summary and exploration,this paper believes that the compulsion,applicability and sustainability of policy are the main factors affecting the application of EU policy tools.Under the influence of various factors,the EU has formed a unique application mode of environmental policy tools.Each of the three major or minor models of EU governance plays an important role in the analysis of the EU’s environmental factors.Namely,the French water resources management under the EU Water Framework Directive,the EU carbon emission trading mechanism and the EU ecological innovation action plan.Through the case study,this paper will explain in detail the application mode of EU environmental governance policy tools.By exploring the EU’s perfect environmental governance mechanism and the application mode of environmental policy tools,this paper hopes to provide reference experience for other countries and regions in the world.In the future research topics of the international community,whether EU environmental policy,policy tools or the application mode of environmental policy tools will be topics worthy of continuous research.