| China’s rutile reserves are insufficient,primary rutile ore is more,rutile sand ore is less,especially rutile disseminated fine particle size,sorting difficulty.Flotation is the key to solve the utilization of rutile resources in China,and the key to the breakthrough progress of rutile flotation in China lies in the research and development of efficient beneficiation reagents.In the flotation process,a single collector has poor effect in selectivity and collection,and there is also a problem of large dosage of reagents.At present,most of the high-efficiency collectors used in the flotation of refractory oxide ores are combined collectors,which can reduce the dosage of reagents and show good collection effect.Based on this,in this paper,a variety of collectors are combined in different proportions to systematically study the effect of combined collectors on rutile flotation,which provides a theoretical basis for the development of efficient beneficiation reagents.In this paper,the flotation behavior of rutile in fatty acid collector system was studied.The effects of pulp pH,stirring time and reagent dosage on the floatability of rutile were investigated when sodium oleate,sodium linoleic acid and sodium linolenic acid were used as collectors,and the optimum conditions of oleic acid reagent were determined.On this basis,the effect of combined reagents on the flotation behavior of rutile was studied,and the action mechanism of combined reagents on the surface of ratile was analyzed by means of contact angle measurement,Zeta potential detection and infrared spectrum analysis.Flotation behavior of rutile in fatty acid collector system was studied.The results showed that when sodium oleate,sodium linoleic acid and sodium linolenic acid were used as collectors,the three reagents had the strongest flotation effect on rutile under alkaline conditions,and the optimal pH value was 8.9.The stirring time had a great influence on sodium oleate,but had a weak influence on sodium linoleic acid and sodium linolenic acid.The optimal stirring time of sodium oleate was 8 min,the optimal stirring time of sodium linolenic acid was 5 min,and the optimal stirring time of sodium linolenic acid was 4 min.The optimum dosage of sodium oleate is 1×10-3mol/L,the optimum dosage of sodium linoleate and sodium linolenic acid are 6×10-4mol/L.The effect of combined collectors on the flotation behavior of rutile was studied.The results showed that sodium oleate,sodium linoleate and sodium linolenic acid with different alkyl unsaturation were combined with sodium heptadecylphosphonate and sodium heptadecylphosphonate,respectively.When sodium linoleic acid with high unsaturated degree was combined with sodium heptadecylphosphonate,the synergistic effect was the strongest when the reagent was pre-mixed and the molar ratio of the two was7:3,and the rutile had high floatability.The combination of collectors with different alkyl length and sodium oleate showed that the synergistic effect of sodiumlaurate and sodium oleate with shorter alkyl length was stronger when pre-mixed and sodium oleate:sodiumlaurate=7:3.Sodium nonylphosphonate and sodium oleate with short hydrocarbon chains had the strongest synergistic effect and the highest floatability of rutile when they were pre-mixed and sodium oleate:nonylphosphonate=4:6.The results of the combination of different benzene ring chelating collectors with sodium oleate and sodium linoleate showed that there was a strong synergistic effect when the order of reagent addition was first adding sodium butyrate and then adding sodium oleate and sodium oleate:sodium butyrate=4:6.When sodium linoleate:butyrate=4:6 and the dosing sequence is pre-mixed addition,the floatability of rutile is the highest,and the synergistic effect between reagents is the strongest.The contact angle test results showed that when sodium oleate,sodium linoleic acid and sodium linolenic acid with different hydrocarbon-based unsaturated collectors were combined with sodium heptylphosphonate,respectively,the contact angle was the largest when sodium linoleic acid and sodium heptylphosphonate were combined,indicating that when sodium linoleic acid and sodium heptylphosphonate with high unsaturated degree were combined under the optimal conditions,the rutile surface had strong hydrophobicity and high floatability,which was consistent with the flotation results.When the collectors with different alkyl lengths,such as nonylphosphonic acid sodium,decylphosphonic acid sodium and tetradecylphosphonic acid sodium were combined with sodium oleate,respectively,the contact angle was the largest when nonylphosphonic acid sodium was combined with sodium oleate,indicating that the rutile surface had good hydrophobicity when nonylphosphonic acid sodium was combined with sodium oleate under the optimal conditions,and the rutile had good flotation recovery,which was in good agreement with the flotation results.When sodium butyrate,sodium salicylhydroxamic acid and sodium benzohydroxamic acid with different benzene-containing chelating collectors were combined with sodium oleate,respectively,the contact angle was the largest when sodium butyrate was combined with sodium oleate,indicating that when sodium oleate was combined with sodium butyrate under the optimal conditions,the rutile surface had strong hydrophobicity and high floatability,which was consistent with the flotation results.The results of dynamic potential test showed that when sodium oleate,sodium linoleate and sodium linolenic acid were combined with heptane phosphonic acid,respectively,the dynamic potential of the combination of sodium linoleate and heptane phosphonic acid moved to the negative direction,indicating that the combination agent had strong adsorption on the surface of rutile.When sodium nonylphosphonate,sodium decylphosphonate and sodium tetradecylphosphonate were combined with sodium oleate,the combination of sodium nonylphosphonate and sodium oleate had a large degree of negative shift in the dynamic potential,and the combined reagent had strong adsorption on the surface of rutile.When sodium butyrate,salicylhydroxamic acid and benzoylhydroxamic acid were combined with sodium oleate,the combination of sodium butyrate and sodium oleate had a large degree of negative shift in the dynamic potential,and the combined reagent had strong adsorption on the surface of rutile.The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that sodium oleate,sodium nonylphosphonate and sodium butyrate acted on the surface of rutile through chemical adsorption.The combined collectors of sodium oleate:sodium nonylphosphonate=4:6 and sodium oleate:sodium butyrate=4:6 had co-adsorption on the surface of rutile,and this co-adsorption was chemical adsorption,which was more solid than the adsorption of a single collector on the surface of rutile. |
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