Research On The Impact Of Ecological Compensation Policy

The establishment of national key ecological function zones aims to protect strategic areas of national ecological security,and encourage local governments to maintain the ecological environment through central transfer payments.As of 2019,the central finance has transferred 524.2 billion yuan to national key ecological function zones across the country.There is still no complete and efficient evaluation system for the implementation effect of such a large-scale ecological transfer payment project.Firstly,this paper uses the double difference method to examine the impact of the establishment of national key ecological function zones on the environment,economic development,and social development at the macro level,taking the countylevel administrative units of Guangxi as the investigation object.Secondly,the entropy method is used to measure the capital endowment and welfare level of farmers,and a multivariate and orderly logistics model is constructed to examine the impact of ecological compensation policies on the welfare of compensated farmers in the source of the Lijiang River,which is prohibited by the state at the micro level.The research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows.The establishment of national key ecological function zones has significantly improved the local environment and promoted economic development,but had no significant impact on social development.This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.Secondly,this paper further examines the impact mechanism of the establishment of national key ecological function zones on economic development and social service supply.Larger-scale fiscal expenditures and higher-intensity investment levels are the main driving forces for the economic development of national key ecological function zones,but they have an inhibitory effect on industrial development.On the other hand,under the pressure of economic incentives and political assessment,the government prefers to maintain the basic operation of the economy,which weakens the motivation to protect the environment and improve people’s livelihood,which in turn leads to a decline in the supply of public services.Finally,this paper examines the impact of policies on different types of national key ecological function zones,and the results show that the regional development level of all types of ecological function zones has improved significantly.However,in terms of ecological environment,the establishment of national key ecological function zones has a greater effect on water conservation ecological function zones;and in terms of economic development,the establishment of national key ecological function zones has a greater effect on water and soil conservation ecological function zones.In the process of implementing the ecological compensation policy,first,the economic capital of the farmers has a positive impact on the overall welfare evaluation;second,the individual basic attributes such as gender,age and occupation of the compensated farmers also have a positive impact on the welfare evaluation of the ecological compensation policy.Thirdly,the overall welfare evaluation of farmers participating in the policy of returning farmland to forests is higher,while participation in the ecological public welfare forest policy has no impact on farmers’ welfare evaluation.The policy recommendations of this paper are as follows: At the macro level,it is necessary to accelerate the exploration of the value realization mechanism of my country’s ecological products and make full use of its significance in promoting the "green development" process of my country’s main ecological function areas.The second is to make full use of the guidance and demonstration effect of the country’s protection and protection of my country’s ecological environment.On the basis of taking into account the local direct protection costs and development opportunity costs,further increase the ecological transfer payment to the local economy.On this basis,establish and improve the environmental quality evaluation system of my country’s key ecological function areas,carry out the environmental quality evaluation of my country’s important ecological function areas,and establish the environmental quality evaluation system of my country’s important ecological function areas.In addition,policy guidance should be strengthened to support local governments in using compensation funds for public services such as ecological environment,culture,education and health in public services.At the micro level,the first is to take practical measures to rapidly improve the social security of farmers whose farmland has been expropriated,and completely solve the pension and medical problems of farmers whose farmland has been expropriated.The second is to improve the land acquisition compensation method.In the case of complying with the wishes of the compensated households,in addition to the amount of monetary compensation for rural land expropriation,other forms of compensation can also be explored to ensure the basic livelihood of the compensated households.The third is to accelerate related infrastructure construction.Increase the funds for education,medical care,and environmental protection of land-expropriated farmers,reduce environmental noise and air pollution,increase the green area of the village,and improve the living standards of land-expropriated farmers.