Research On Marx And Engels’ Environmental Justice Thought And Its Development In China

The environment is the foundation of human survival,and a clean and beautiful ecological environment is the demand for a better life for humanity.With the development of industrial civilization,the capitalist mode of production plundered nature to obtain surplus value,which caused a serious ecological crisis.The ecological conditions enjoyed by human beings deteriorated sharply.In this case,the contradiction between human beings and nature was very sharp.Moreover,due to the differences in ecological conditions enjoyed by different classes,these problems were not only environmental problems,but also justice problems in the form of environment.Marx and Engels,based on their accurate grasp of the laws of nature and the development of human society,criticized the capitalist way of plundering nature,as well as the messy and poor ecological conditions allocated by the proletariat.In the ideal of communist society,there are ideological elements of harmony between humans and nature,and the enjoyment of fair natural resources between humans.In these discussions,the idea of environmental justice was formed.The environmental justice thought of Marx and Engels is the concrete embodiment of historical materialism in the ecological field,and is also the ecological dimension of the communist ideal.As a proletarian party guided by Marxism,the CPC has always adhered to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific reality and China’s excellent traditional culture to promote the sinicization of Marxism.In the process of socialist construction,it has also encountered the problem of how to deal with the relationship between man and nature and how people enjoy good ecological conditions.In response to these problems,The leaders of the Communist Party of China have continuously made some assertions about the construction of ecological civilization,including the idea of environmental harmony and fair development.The thought of environmental fair development with Chinese characteristics is the adherence to the historical materialism of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought,the inheritance of the concept of people first,and the yearning for the communist ideal.Therefore,sorting out the connotation,content,theoretical characteristics,and contemporary value of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought today,clarifying the development of the Chinese characteristic environmental fair development thought,has practical significance for promoting the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature in the construction of ecological civilization in the new era,and for people to enjoy the fruits of ecological civilization fairly.The first part is introduction.Clarified the background of the topic selection,conducted relevant research status at home and abroad,as well as a review of existing research,clarified the concepts of "justice" and "environmental justice",and defined the connections and differences between the connotations of "ecological justice" and "environmental justice".The second part analyzes the "appearance" of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought,analyzing the formation of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice from three aspects: theoretical source,practical conditions,and formation process.Firstly,it is pointed out that the theoretical source is Marx and Engels’ critical inheritance of ancient simple natural views,mechanical natural views,and humanistic natural views;Secondly,it analyzed the reality conditions,such as capitalist production plundering nature,and the dirty and disorderly living environment of the proletariat,which gave rise to the formation of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought;Thirdly,the development process of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought was reviewed,and it was pointed out that in Marx and Engels’ gradually deepening understanding of private interests,labor,production methods,and communist ideals,the environmental justice thought went through a process of germination to perfection.The third part is the research on the content system of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thoughts.This chapter interprets the specific content of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thoughts.Firstly,based on the environmental justice between humans and nature,it includes interdependence,mutual reconciliation,and positive interaction between humans and nature.Secondly,with the fair possession of natural resources as the core,this fairness includes the realization of fair possession of natural resources through public ownership of means of survival,as well as the fair utilization of natural resources in a "consortium of free persons";Finally,based on the fair enjoyment of ecological rights between people,we hope that the proletariat will have a safe and clean living environment.We look forward to achieving a fair enjoyment of nature for all in communist society,and ultimately achieving the ideal state of comprehensive development for all humanity in our interaction with nature.The fourth part discusses the characteristics and values of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice thought.Firstly,it points out the theoretical characteristics of Marx and Engels’ environmental thought: it is examined from the perspective of capitalist production methods,constructed in the ideal of communist society,and rooted in the free and comprehensive development of all humanity;Secondly,it points out the theoretical value of Marx and Engels’ environmental thought,providing theoretical resources for the development of contemporary Western environmental justice theory,and also providing inspection perspectives,analytical ideas,and methodological principles for China to solve environmental injustice problems.Thirdly,it points out the transformation and development of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice ideology in China,providing a perspective for examining China’s environmental justice issues,clarifying several pairs of relationships between China’s environmental justice,laying the foundation for solving China’s environmental justice problems,and playing a guiding role in solving China’s environmental justice problems.The fifth part explores the transformation and development of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice ideology in China.Sort out the inheritance and transformation of Marx and Engels’ environmental justice ideology by the Party after the establishment of New China.The initial formation of China’s environmental justice ideology during the socialist revolution and construction period,such as the assertions of "man conquers nature","greening the motherland","landscaping the land",etc;In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization construction,the concept of environmental justice has been further developed in New China.Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin,and Hu Jintao have all proposed creative measures from different perspectives to safeguard the environmental fairness between humans and nature.