Analysis On Regional Differences And Convergence Of Ecological Assets In China

Since the second industrial Revolution,the rapid development of the world economy and the continuous consumption of ecological resources have promoted people’s understanding of the value of ecological resources and the study of sustainable development,and the awareness of ecological construction and protection has been continuously strengthened.The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to establish and implement the ecological value concept that "clear waters and green mountains" are "gold and silver mountains".It is necessary to improve the level of ecological restoration technology,continuously improve the strength of ecological protection and governance,and strive to improve the supply of high-quality ecological products to meet people’s demand for a better ecological environment.The 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has placed the construction of ecological civilization in a fundamental and strategic position as the central task of the CPC under the new era and new journey,and clearly pointed out that the harmonious coexistence between man and nature is the essential requirement for realizing Chinese-style modernization.Against this background,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to estimate the quality and value of ecological assets in China in recent years,explore the differences and composition of ecological conditions among geographical regions,analyze whether there is spatial convergence in their future development,and whether the development of ecological assets within a region can finally be in a stable state.This study takes the status of ecological assets in 31 provinces and cities in China from2000 to 2020 as the research object,and on the basis of sorting out and summarizing the existing literature on the concept,estimation method and classification of ecosystem service value of ecological assets at home and abroad,conducts the following research on the status of ecological assets: Firstly,combined with the characteristics of the study area and the research purpose,according to the remote sensing data and the research purpose,the land use types of our country were divided into six ecosystems,and the ecological asset quality assessment system was constructed with the help of vegetation coverage and NPP data.Taking the comprehensive index of ecological assets,the coefficient of social development level,the coefficient of population density and the coefficient of per capita disposable income as the correction coefficients,the dynamic equivalent factor table is constructed,and then the stock and flow of ecological assets from 2000 to 2020 are estimated.Secondly,the comprehensive index of ecological asset quality is selected as the indicator to reflect the ecological asset status of each region,and the 31 provinces and cities are divided into four geographical regions according to the geographical characteristics and the research purpose.Finally,the coefficient of variation method and the β convergence model based on spatial Durbin model are used to test the σ and β convergence of the development of ecological conditions,so as to further explore the spatial convergence of the development difference of ecological conditions and investigate the influence of control variables on it.Based on the above research,this paper reached the following conclusions:(1)During the investigation period,the distribution area of cultivated land,forest land and water area in China changed little,and the distribution area of grassland ecosystem decreased by 269,100 square kilometers;The quality of all kinds of ecosystems has been greatly improved,and the comprehensive quality index of ecological assets in all provinces and cities except Beijing,Tianjin and Heilongjiang has increased to varying degrees.In 2020,the comprehensive value index of ecological assets in China was 4,513.26.(2)The value of China’s ecological service function has shown an exponential growth trend in the 20 years under investigation,and the value of ecological service in 2020 was 107,310.23 billion yuan.(3)The overall ecological asset gap and the difference of ecological assets within each region are relatively small,and the Gini coefficient is below 0.2;The difference between regions is the main reason for the formation of the overall regional gap of ecological assets,and its average contribution rate is49.54%.(4)The σ convergence trend of ecological status in each region is different,but there are absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence trends,and the regions with poor ecological status have a trend of "catching up".The development of science and technology has a significant role in promoting the development of ecological conditions in both the south and the north.Increasing the level of urbanization can promote the convergence speed of ecological development within a region.