Research On Traffic Equity Measurement Methods And Countermeasures Based On Spatial Analysi

Traffic equity is the fundamental requirement to realize social justice,and also the key to maintain social stability and economic development.With the scale of city space is expanding continuously and car is getting into ordinary family by a high-speed,The phenomenon of traffic inequities in rapid city area is more and more obvious that includes traffic resources is distributed unequally and the gap of traffic accessibility is bigger and bigger among different groups,region and modes of transportation,which have a profound impact on the society equity directly.Transportation equity is introduced to formulate transportation policy and evaluate transportation project,which is beneficial for improving the traffic environment of vulnerable groups and narrowing differences of travel income among different groups.In addition which has practical significance to enhance the sustainable development of the transport system and safeguard social equity.Firstly,the connotation and characteristic of traffic equity are analyzed in the paper,and traffic equity is classified from different angle based on reviewing the research progress of transportation equity.Then the formation mechanism of traffic vulnerable groups is described from the perspective of the social and economic development,city space reconstruction,traffic policy.Simultaneously,the phenomena of social exclusion of traffic vulnerable groups are analyzed that is in the terms of employment,living,psychological,social network and so on based on the social exclusion theory.Secondly,the traffic accessibility is chosen as evaluation index of traffic equity for analyzing the space differential characteristics of traffic equity scientifically.And the spatial analysis process of traffic accessibility is established from the perspectives that includes different transport modes,income level groups and different travel demand that relying on the connotation characteristics and classification of traffic equity.Based on that,the theory of location quotient is introduced to analyze the space differential characteristics of traffic equity.Subsequently,five residential quarters that are in different circle in Kunming city are chosen to analyze space differentiation characteristics of traffic equity.The data that includes present state of road,bus lines,bus stops and land use characteristics is handled by vector based on the geographic information system(GIS).The transportation accessibility of different views is obtained with the help of OD matrix analysis module among GIS.Then the space differential characteristics are discussed in terms of different transport modes.different income level groups and different travel demand according to the traffic survey data.The results show that the accessibility of different transportation modes,d-ifferent income level groups,the different travel demand are decreased gradually with the increase of distance to city center,but the public transportation mode and low income population decline more seriously.For example,the location q-uotient of car trips is greater than 1 in the Dianchi and Jiangdong acropolis(they are in the most outer layer)that are the well-off city,and their accessibility index greater than 1 respectively in the analysis of the accessibility of different income level groups,Which shows that people in the place by car has a relative sense of injustice than any other location.However,the high income groups have a relatively high sense of equity in Dianchi acropolis in the accessibility analysis based on the different travel demand,which means that low income groups in the city fringe area have a relative more serious sense of injustice.Finally,the paper proposes some countermeasures to improve traffic inequities phenomenon from the land use and public transportation etc.according to the space differential characteristics of traffic inequities in the Kunming City.