| In the construction of traditional Chinese cities,influenced by the natural landscape,historical culture and social background,the traditional city has formed a unique regional urban landscape in the long evolutionary process.The urban scenery and landscape space reflect the interactive relationship between human,society and nature in the region.The study of ancient city construction and landscape can help to understand the historical and cultural connotations of human settlement environment construction thought,urban construction philosophy,and landscape aesthetics in a specific historical period.It is of positive significance for supplementing and improving the historical theories of ancient urban construction in China.And it plays an important supporting role in the practice of urban landscape construction from the perspective of landscape architecture.The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is located at the junction of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.It has high mountains and dangerous water and control of main roads.The cities and towns along the route are different from other regions such as the northern plains and Jiangnan water towns in my country.They present unique spatial forms and landscape features with local natural landscape characteristics and social and cultural connotations.Fengjie is located at the mouth of Qutang Gorge.It used to be the political,military,economic and cultural center of the Three Gorges area for a long time.Its unique landscape pattern and urban scenery of the Gorges River are representative of the ancient city construction in the Three Gorges area,and its scenic construction characteristics can reflect the cultural connotations of construction skills,landscape aesthetics and construction philosophy in the development of regional cities in the past dynasties.This article is based on the content related to the city scenery of the Three Gorges area in ancient historical books such as local chronicles and travel note,combined with relevant historical archaeological materials of the Fengjie,ancient paintings and calligraphy drawings,and related historical maps.The content of urban landscape construction on behalf of Fengjie is the research object,and the research methods such as text data analysis,field research,and GIS spatial humanistic technology are fully used to systematically comb and understand the history and characteristics of the ancient city scenery of Fengjie and the Three Gorges area.First of all,sort out the human and geographic environment of human settlements in the ancient Three Gorges area,to explore the influence of regional background on urban construction,and then focuses on Fengjie area,analyzing its macro landscape base,provides a basic background for the following research;secondly,according to the extracted graphic information,sort out the history of Fengjie city construction and landscape construction in the past dynasties,it is divided into three stages,these are the city’s initial design and early landscape exploration from the Qin to Tang dynasties,the urban expansion and landscape development in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and the urban prosperity and landscape perfection in the Ming and Qing dynasties,and analyzes the changes in city site selection,morphology and landscape construction in different periods,and explores the coupling relationship between city construction and landscape construction in the past two chapters on this basis;On this basis,combined with the extracted information of key landscape elements in each period,construct nine types of urban landscape elements in Fengjie,and use data statistics to analyze the evolution and motivation of various types of scenery elements,and extract the main characteristics of the theme of inheriting the context,the types of elements that are flexible,and the multiple and complex social functions;and then uses GIS spatial and humanistic technology to identify and locate Fengjie?s urban landscape in geographic space to obtain the overall layout of urban landscapes in various historical periods,and to further explore its "inner city-suburbs-outer suburbs" scenic circle layer and the construction characteristics of 4 key scenic spots.Analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of various landscape element types at the macro and meso levels.It is found that the spatial layout of various types of landscape elements selects the most suitable layout points according to the construction motivation,specific functions,and cultural connotations,which reflects the adaptability to the overall landscape environment;Finally,in combination with several other typical cities in the region,it is summarized that the urban landscape construction in the Three Gorges area is characterized by rich connotations and complex functions,the spatial layout of controlling the overall situation and multi-consideration,multi-participation and inclusive construction mod,attention to nature,aesthetics of the landscape that fits the landscape.At the same time,combined with the current situation of urban landscape construction and development,several enlightenments for contemporary urban construction are put forward.To sum up,this article focuses on the typical city of the Three Gorges area,Fengjie,based on the human and geographic environment of the Three Gorges area,combs its urban construction and landscape construction process,and analyzes its historical landscape construction changes from the aspects of landscape element types and spatial layout,and then analyzes its landscape construction characteristics and change mechanism to summarize the experience and wisdom of ancient urban landscape construction in the Three Gorges area,in order to supplement the theoretical system of regional city construction,and hope to provide historical experience for future urban construction. |
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