Research On Space Efficiency Of High-speed Railway Station Area Based On TOD Theory

The development of high-speed railways has more and more significant effects on the urban spatial structure,social economy and industrial layout.As an important node of high-speed railways,high-speed railway hub stations have gradually become station cities in addition to convenient transfers and well-developed transportation functions.Integration,a city development engine with excellent service efficiency.In recent years,due to the rapid construction of railways,the determination of railway planning often precedes urban planning,which has caused many problems in the space construction of China’s high-speed railway hubs,which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First,the development of high-speed railway hubs and station areas Under the jurisdiction of different administrative departments,all departments are competing with each other for their own interests and rights.Railway planning and hub planning are out of touch,resulting in isolation of high-speed rail stations and no linkage development with surrounding urban areas;second,public transportation in the surrounding areas of high-speed rail stations Poor accessibility,insufficient transportation capacity,imperfect public service facilities,and inability of high-speed rail hubs to form an effective impetus for the development of high-speed rail station areas;third,China’s research on high-speed rail hubs focuses on the hub stations themselves and stations.The front square and transfer space neglected to optimize and improve the space efficiency of the area around the station.Starting from practical problems,this article summarizes the current situation and causes of the high-speed rail hub station space.The root of the focus problem lies in the lack of clarity on the key factors that restrict the space efficiency of the station area,and the lack of a multi-dimensional space efficiency analysis and research framework.Therefore,from the perspective of coordinated development of stations and cities,the TOD related theories and practices,the definition of high-speed rail station space,the development history and evaluation of station space efficiency are summarized and sorted out,providing a basis for the construction of the high-speed rail hub space efficiency system in the following article Theory support.The basic index element set for the evaluation of station space efficiency is carried out through the analysis of the following three links: firstly,summarize the development and operation mode of the high-speed rail hub station area under China’s existing administrative system;secondly,adopt "evaluation subject-target expectation-indicator elements" The research method is based on the survey of the target expectations of the three main subjects of community residents,passengers,and government managers in the high-speed rail station area;finally,based on the relationship between "station" and "city",the high-speed rail hubs developed by the station area TOD are divided into 3 categories,and selected Among them,five representative high-speed rail stations were investigated and analyzed,starting with the basic situation of the hub,site selection planning,station area development model,hub and city connection system,station area format layout and space utilization,to determine traffic performance,social performance,The four dimensions of economic performance and environmental performance will eventually form a high-speed rail hub station space efficiency evaluation index system with 7secondary indicators and 21 tertiary indicators.According to the characteristics of the site area and the objectivity of the evaluation index,principal component analysis(PCA)is used to determine the index weight,and the space efficiency value of the sample site is calculated.Then compare the above five stations from the economic operation dimension and the traffic dimension.By exploring the balance of business configuration and the amount of passenger behavior carried by the station,it is judged whether the space resources of the station have reached the optimal allocation and utilization,and Analyze the influence mechanism of spatial performance level.Finally,taking Tianjin West Railway Station as an example,based on the evaluation criteria of the high-speed rail hub space efficiency summarized above,the urban space design of the south square of the Tianjin West Railway Station hub is carried out,and an optimization strategy for the space development and construction of the Tianjin West Railway Station hub is proposed.