Demand Side Management Methods Of The Distribution Network Considering Response Of Multi-Types Of Flexible Resources

Renewable energy sources and flexible resources have developed rapidly,affecting the operation of the power grid.The sources in the generation side can be managed to regulate the operation of the power grid,and by inspiring flexible loads in the demand side to participate in the demand response(DR)programs,the unbalanced electricity generationutilization can be released,and the regulating ability and operation flexibility of the distribution network can be improved as well.The energy-consuming features and the DR mechanisms of different types of flexible resources vary a lot.Electric vehicles(EVs)can participate in the DR program by effectively charging and discharging management.The user-side energy storage can regulate the load curve of the large industrial consumer by charging and discharging,conducting peak-shaving,and the maximum demand management.The air conditionings can participate in DR by regulating the load curves.The thesis proposes the DR strategies of the EV charging station(EVCS),the large industrial consumer with energy storage,and the air conditionings,establishes the operation and assessment method of the distribution network with multi-types of flexible resources,and proposes the coordinated DR strategy of flexible resources to make the optimal pricing strategy of the distribution network operator.First,the thesis makes DR strategies of three types of typical flexible resources.The charging characteristics of private and logistics EVs in the EVCS of a large logistics center are modeled,and the optimal charging strategy and the optimal vehicle-togrid(V2G)strategy are formulated,separately.The price-based and incentive-based DR strategies of the large industrial consumer with the user-side energy storage are proposed,as to reduce the electricity costs of the user.The DR strategy of the air conditionings is formulated,with a certain indoor temperature satisfied.Then,the operation and assessment method of the distribution network with multitypes of flexible resources is proposed.The multi-period simulation model of the distribution network with flexible loads is established,which can output the multi-period power flow data by inputting the load curves of flexible resources and inflexible loads.The index assessment system of the distribution network is built from four aspects including security,economy,quality,and flexibility.The weights of the index collection are calculated by the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method.Then,based on the ratios of the index values before and after flexible resources participating in DR,the comprehensive assessment index of the distribution network is proposed.By simulations of the distribution network on typical days,the effectiveness of the proposed DR strategies to improve the operation of the distribution network is confirmed.Finally,the optimal pricing strategy of the distribution network considering the coordinated DR of multi-types of flexible resources is proposed.The bi-level demandside pricing model between the distribution network and the virtual power plant(VPP)is established,with the lower layer optimization model oriented to reduce the electricity costs of the VPP,and with the upper layer optimization model oriented to improve the economic benefits of the distribution network,and the solving method of the proposed bi-level model is proposed.According to the marginal contributions of flexible resources to the VPP league,a benefit distribution mechanism is built based on the Shapley value method.The proposed method can reduce the electricity costs of the flexible resources and improve the benefits of the distribution network.