Study On Fluid-structure Coupling And Lightweight Of 18 Tons Cleaning Tank

With the improvement of the level of urbanization,the demand for road cleaning is also increasing.As one of the most widely used sanitation equipment,cleaning vehicles have also increased their technical requirements.As the main component of the cleaning vehicle,the water tank occupies most of the curb weight.The lightweight design of the water tank can save energy while expanding the capacity to load more media,further enhancing the competitiveness of the product.In the process of cleaning the car,the sudden change of road conditions and working conditions will cause the water to shake violently,which will have a strong impact on the tank body.Therefore,a reasonable lightweight scheme should be formulated on the basis of understanding the force of the water tank by the fluid-structure interaction simulation method.In this paper,the 18-ton washing vehicle water tank is taken as the research object,and the fluid-structure coupling analysis is carried out by using the Structured Lagrangian-Euler(S-ALE)algorithm.The feasibility of the lightweight scheme is verified by the combination of stress test and simulation calculation.The main work of this paper is as follows:1.Establish a 3D model according to the drawings of the water tank of the cleaning vehicle,perform mid-surface extraction and geometric cleaning in the drawing software,establish a finite element model,and set uniform speeds,sharp turns and emergency braking based on the actual operating conditions of the cleaning vehicle Three working conditions were simulated and analyzed,and the stress distribution of the cleaning vehicle under each working condition was obtained,which verifies that the existing structure meets the strength requirements in severe working conditions.2.The fluid-solid coupling finite element model is established by the finite element software LS-PREPOST,and the calculation is performed in the LS-DYNA software to obtain the dynamic stress of the tank under various working conditions.The comparison with the stress results of various working conditions verifies the fluid-structure The accuracy of the coupling method is determined,and the location of the stress concentration phenomenon is determined according to the results.3.Based on the simulation results,the redundant structure in the tank is designed to be lightweight,and the parts that generate stress concentration are improved to reduce the weight by 656 kg.The finite element model after lightening was established,and various working conditions and fluid-structure coupling simulation analysis were carried out.Compared with the stress results before lightening,it was verified that the strength of each structure after lightening met the requirements for use.4.The stress test test plan for the cleaning car was designed,and the test conditions were formulated on the basis of the actual operating conditions,and the static stress test and dynamic stress test were carried out respectively by the strain electrical measurement method,and the error between the test results and the simulation results was within 20%,which verifies the reliability of the lightweight scheme.