An Optimization Method Of Multi-period Dynamic Alternate Traffic Restriction Scheme With Equilibrium Choice

With the development of society and the improvement of people’s living standards,private cars are gradually increasing,and the problem of urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious.Traffic congestion not only brings difficulties to residents,but also aggravates the emission of automobile exhaust.Traffic congestion and air pollution are common urban diseases.In order to solve the problem of traffic congestion caused by the rapid increase of urban traffic demand,this thesis proposes an optimization method of multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme.A certain proportion of cars are restricted to enter the designated restriction area in turn during a specific traffic restriction period,and the restricted cars have to detour,transfer to public transportation or non-restriction period.Multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme is effective for urban traffic management.The main research work of the thesis includes the following three aspects:(1)The optimization method of multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme is a Stackelberg game between traffic managers and travelers.In this thesis,the multi-objective bi-level programming model is used to describe the optimization method of multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme.The optimization of multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme is studied from the perspective of user travel benefit and environmental benefit.The upper model maximizes consumer surplus on the basis of minimizing the total travel cost of user and the total traffic emissions cost by multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme.The restriction period,restriction area and restriction proportion are decision variables.Based on the current multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme,the lower-level programming model analyzes the user’s travel choice behavior,that is,the elastic demand,travel mode,travel route and travel period choice.(2)A solution algorithm based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy(NSGA-Ⅱ)was designed to solve the multiobjective bi-level programming model.At the same time,an incidence matrix is introduced to eliminate the infeasible solutions and ensure that the restriction aera generated by the algorithm is a single connected area.Gradient projection algorithm(GP)is designed to solve the user equilibrium model.(3)In the numerical analysis,three schemes are mainly used for comparative analysis,namely,without alternate traffic restriction scheme,the full-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme and the multiperiod dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme.The analysis results show that compared with without alternate traffic restriction scheme,fullperiod dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme and the multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme can effectively reduce the number of crowded roads,improve the proportion of public transport,and reduce the total travel cost and traffic emission cost while reducing the consumer surplus.Compared with full-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme,multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme can effectively alleviate traffic congestion and meet more users’ travel demand.The optimal solution set contained in the pareto front can provide multiple decision schemes for traffic managers.The optimization method of multi-period dynamic alternate traffic restriction scheme proposed in this thesis further improves the traffic management system and provides effective theoretical basis and decision support for the formulation and implementation of traffic restriction scheme.