| During the Ming and Qing dynasties,the central dynasty opened up the "thousand-mile Miao frontier" in order to expand the southwest,and a tug-of-war between different ethnic groups was thus launched.It is against this historical background that the Miao border wall defense system in western Hunan,a complete military defense project deep in the hinterland of the Miao frontier,was developed from infancy to maturity.As a military defense system with a complete structure and rich types,it contains not only the material level of military defense works,but also the military management system and military institutions of the government at that time.This paper firstly takes the integrity and hierarchy of the Miao frontier defense system in western Hunan as the core of the study,and provides an in-depth analysis of its formation background,military management system and institutions,and its components.Secondly,from the perspective of the spatial layout of the Miao frontier wall,a comprehensive study and analysis of its dynamic formation process,the construction characteristics of its planning and layout at different stages,and its spatial defense characteristics are conducted,and the development history,the relationship between hierarchy and military system,and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the military defense settlements in the defense system are analyzed from the shallow to the deep.The spatial distribution characteristics of the military settlements within the Miao border wall defense system in western Hunan are illustrated through quantitative analysis of each level of military forts,so that the spatial distribution can be fixed and drawn to form drawings to visualize and vividly express the spatial characteristics of the distribution of military settlements;finally,based on the hierarchical nature of the military settlements,the analysis of their defensive Finally,based on the hierarchy of military settlements,the spatial characteristics of their defense space are analyzed based on the deconstruction of typical cases of military forts at various levels,and the differences between the military defense systems of different countries and regions with fortification walls are also discussed and summarized in order to understand the profound connotation of the spatial characteristics of the border wall defense system of Miao in Xiangxi.The construction of the Miao border wall defense system in western Hunan Province spanned the Ming and Qing dynasties and went through several changes,including emergence,development,decay,reconstruction,renewed decay,and abolition,culminating in the reconstruction period of the Qing dynasty,which formed a mature military defense system with "points controlling lines and lines controlling surfaces.As an important part of the Great Wall of China,the Miao frontier wall in western Hunan is not as large as the Great Wall in the north,but its structure is complete and its military mechanism is rigorous,which is not only the largest military facility on the inner frontier in ancient China,but also a typical example of military fortification architecture in the south.It has profound historical significance to the excavation,protection and development of cultural heritage in China. |
