Railway Winter Snow And Ice Disaster Monitoring System Based On ZigBee Network

In recent years,with the rapid development of railways,a number of railway lines traversing north-south and east-west have been opened one after another.At the same time,due to China ’s vast territory,the railway line from the cold and dry northeast to hot and humid Hainan,from the arid desert in the west to the eastern wet coast,encountered a variety of natural disasters,such as strong winds,rainstorms,snow,debris flows,which constitute a great threat to the safety of railway transportation.Therefore,the key to ensure the safety and stability of railway transportation is to construct a perfect natural disaster monitoring system,monitor the climate,geology and flood along the railway in real time and accurately,issue early warning and adjust the train operation in time.For example,the frequent occurrence of winter snow and ice disasters in Northeast China has a serious impact on railway transportation.At present,the new railway in Northeast China has gradually begun to selectively deploy snow and ice disaster monitoring system in some sections.Firstly,the relevant literature at home and abroad is consulted,and the research status of winter snow disaster monitoring technology and the application of wireless sensor network in railway field at home and abroad is systematically analyzed.Based on the comparative analysis of several existing main monitoring techniques,considering that it is difficult to accurately reflect the influence of winter snow on train operation only by a single detection method,a comprehensive environmental monitoring scheme for railways is proposed by combining laser ranging and infrared ranging with wind speed and temperature measurement.In view of the complex railway environment,it is more reasonable to choose wireless sensor network to realize distributed data acquisition than fieldbus when deploying monitoring system.Through the scheme demonstration of wireless sensor network technology,Zig Bee wireless network is selected as the field data transmission method.The detected data is sent to the dispatching center through mobile communication transmission for processing and analysisThen,according to the basic principle of Zig Bee sensor network,this thesis selects the star network topology and Modbus communication mode according to the characteristics of railways,and designs the communication mode and protocol between monitoring nodes.The Zig Bee communication module used in this system is based on CC2530 chip as the core.This chip has strong transceiver performance and low power consumption,and very suitable for long term use in the field.The hardware of the system includes Zig Bee node basic circuit,sensor interface circuitry,serial communication debugging circuit,power supply circuit and4 G communication module circuit.Based on the Z-Stack protocol stack,the software part uses the IAR development environment to design and develop the data acquisition of each node and the communication program between Zig Bee coordinator and each node.In addition,the upper computer program of back-end data display,storage,analysis and processing is developed by using Lab VIEW development software.Finally,a simulation test environment was built in the laboratory to verify the basic functions of the system.Using IAR development environment and Packet Sniffer packet capture software to capture the data transmitted by Zig Bee node to detect the transmission effect of wireless sensor network in this system.The data collected by the Zig Bee coordinator is transmitted to the upper computer remotely by the 4G mobile communication module.The experimental results show that the upper computer can complete the functions of data display and storage,thus verifying the feasibility of the design scheme of this system.