Analysis Of Aerodynamic And Fluid-structure Coupling Characteristics Of Bionic Pantograph Head For High-speed Train

With the increasing speed of high-speed trains in our country,the stability and reliability of pantograph system has become an important factor restricting the safety of high-speed trains.In the pantograph system of high-speed train,the pantograph head is an important part of the pantograph.In order to improve the wind resistance and reduce the aerodynamic resistance of pantograph,bionics is introduced into the design of pantograph head as a new design idea,optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of bow head.Because of the fluid-structure interaction between the pantograph head and the surrounding environment,the fluid-structure interaction should be considered in the design of the bionic pantograph head.Therefore,the research on the aerodynamic performance of the bionic pantograph head is of great significance for improving the current collection quality of trains.First of all,based on the theory of aerodynamics and fluid mechanics,the paper builds the model of the bionic bow head and analyzes its characteristics such as velocity and pressure in the air flow field,it provides a theoretical basis for the further study of its movement in the air flow field.Secondly,taking DSA250 pantograph as the research object,according to the bionic principle,six bionic structures of pantograph head were designed and created in addition to the original rectangular pantograph head,a semicircle-upper triangle,a semicircle-isosceles triangle,a semicircle-lower triangle,a long curve-upper triangle,a long curve-isosceles triangle,a long curve-lower triangular bow head,through the simulation of Fluent software,the aerodynamic lift and drag of each bow head under different speed conditions are analyzed numerically,in this paper,the velocity field and pressure field of the bow head with different cross-section are compared under three speed conditions,and the effect of the bow head with different structure on the flow field is analyzed.The results show that the semicircle-isosceles triangle bow head has the best aerodynamic characteristics and can achieve good drag reduction effect.The drag is reduced by 85%,85.87% and 86.06% respectively at three speeds.Finally,according to the knowledge of fluid-structure coupling theory,Solidworks is used to build a three-dimensional model of the optimized back semicircle-isosceles triangular bow head,and ANSYSWORKBENCH is used to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of the bow head under three-dimensional conditions,through the Static Structural platform,the fluid-structure coupling characteristics of the pantograph head around the plane running are simulated,and the total deformation and equivalent stress of the pantograph under different running directions are obtained,it provides some reference value for the fluid-structure coupling analysis of pantograph and the optimization of its aerodynamics performance in high-speed Railway.