Aerodynamic Characteristics And Fluid-structure Coupling Analysis Of Pantograph Of High-speed Train

The pantograph installed on the top of the high-speed train is the key equipment to ensure the safe operation of the train and obtain power.With the increase of the train running speed,the influence of pantograph system and surrounding air will become more intense,and the aerodynamic performance will also change significantly,so the design requirements of pantograph components are higher.Therefore,the aerodynamic characteristics,aerodynamic lift and fluid-structure coupling of pantograph of high-speed train need to be further studied.Based on the three-dimensional,steady,compressible N-S equation and k-ε two equation turbulence model,the newly developed pantograph of high-speed train is taken as the research object,and the aerodynamic characteristics and fluid-structure coupling of the pantograph are analyzed.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The aerodynamic force of pantograph at different speeds with working height of2800 mm is numerically simulated,and the calculation process of pneumatic lifting force of pantograph is realized by programming method,and the pneumatic lifting force of pantograph during opening operation is calculated and compared with wind tunnel test data for verification;(2)When the working height is reduced to 1600 mm,the aerodynamic characteristics of the pantograph at different speeds are analyzed,and the variation law of aerodynamic force and aerodynamic lifting force of the pantograph at different speeds and heights is studied.(3)Numerical simulation of pantograph running in open wire and tunnel with working height of 2800 mm is carried out,and aerodynamic characteristics of pantograph are analyzed.(4)With CAE software,the fluid-structure coupling analysis of pantograph running in open wire and tunnel is carried out,and the equivalent stress and deformation of pantograph components are studied.The research results show that the simulation data under pantograph opening condition is consistent with the wind tunnel test data,and the error is kept within 10%.At the same height,the absolute values of aerodynamic forces of pantograph components gradually increase with the increase of wind speed.Among them,the growth rate of aerodynamic resistance of bow head is the largest,about 30%,which is the main source of aerodynamic resistance When the working height is 2800 mm,the aerodynamic lifting force of the whole bow increases by about 15% with the increase of speed,and when the working height is 1600 mm,it is about1%.At the same wind speed,the aerodynamic lifting force of the whole bow at the working height of 2800 mm is twice that of 1600 mm.Comparing open-wire and tunnel operating conditions,the deformation and equivalent stress of pantograph under open-wire operating conditions under crosswind conditions are the largest,with the maximum equivalent stress value of 211 MPa,which is less than the allowable stress value of materials of 230 MPa.Stress concentration occurs at the joint between the balance bar and the bow head,which is extremely unfavorable to the structure,and cracks are easy to occur in the service process,which should be optimized.