Research On Fire Risk Assessment And Control Countermeasures Of Commercial And Residential Communities Based On ISM-Shapley-Cloud Model

With the development of China’s modernization process and the advancement of urbanization,a single residential community can no longer adapt to the diversified new life of the current residents,and the commercial and residential community that provides residents with commercial,residential,entertainment and leisure integration has gradually become a new trend in the development of China’s current residential community.The commercial and residential community combines the fire performance of commercial buildings and residential buildings,and its characteristics of complex functions,many types of fire loads,rapid fire spread,and difficulty in rescue and evacuation have caused serious fire safety problems.This paper takes high-rise commercial and residential communities as the research object,and conducts scientific and reasonable fire risk assessment of commercial and residential communities based on fuzzy theory and fire risk assessment,so as to reduce the loss of people,property and materials caused by fire accidents.The main contents include:Firstly,the results of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of building fire risk assessment are studied,the fire cases of commercial and residential communities are statistical,the characteristics of fire occurrence and fire spread risk process of commercial and residential communities are summarized,and the traditional community fire hazard identification method is improved based on the 5M safety system model theory,starting from the five aspects of building nature,personnel,equipment,environment and management,the fire hazard of commercial and residential communities is identified,and the key indicators are screened,merged and optimized in combination with relevant fire protection codes and expert opinions.A fire risk assessment index system for commercial and residential communities has been established,with a total of 8 first-level indicators and 34 second-level indicators.Secondly,the ISM-Shapley value method is established to calculate the index weight,and the fire risk assessment model of commercial and residential communities is constructed based on cloud model theory,and the case of a commercial and residential community in Jinan City is applied in practice.Using the ISM model method to sort out the logical relationship between the impact indicators,combined with the non-measurable characteristics of the Shapley value method,optimizing its combined impact coefficient,using MATLAB software according to the cloud generator principle,the evaluation data is converted into the evaluation cloud feature value,and the comprehensive evaluation cloud map is drawn,and the coincidence degree of the standard cloud map is compared,and the fire risk level of the community is obtained as "general risk",which verifies that the model has good applicability and feasibility.Specific fire control measures are proposed to optimize the fire protection environment in commercial areas,improve the level of safe evacuation of residential areas,and strengthen fire safety management.Finally,the fire protection problems involved in commercial and residential communities in China are summarized and summarized,and fire risk control countermeasures for commercial and residential communities are proposed,mainly including: fire prevention zones that need to be independently divided into commercial and residential parts;Considering the interoperability between units,the evacuation channels of commercial and residential areas should not interfere with each other;Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the public environment of the community in advance to prevent the risk of fire spread in adjacent buildings;Establish a hierarchical system,unite multiple departments in the community,and carry out efficient fire fighting and rescue work;Delineate the boundaries of property management responsibilities of commercial and residential parts;Add chapters on fire codes related to commercial and residential buildings,etc.This study optimizes the building fire protection system of commercial and residential communities and improves the fire prevention ability of commercial and residential communities.At the same time,the fire prevention control measures proposed in this study for commercial and residential communities provide a basis for managers to carry out fire selfinspection in commercial and residential communities,and provide practical reference decisions for fire emergency management departments.