| The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee proposed the "National Big Data Strategy",aiming to accelerate the construction of a strong data country.In 2020,data,as a new type of production factor,was officially included in the central document.The value of data resources has gradually received attention from the whole society,and energy big data is an important support for developing the digital economy and promoting green and low-carbon transformation.At the same time,with the deepening promotion of smart grids,the digitization,informatization,and intelligence of power systems are constantly developing,bringing more data sources to power grid enterprises.Reasonably evaluating the value of data assets of power grid enterprises can provide strong support for digital transformation and emerging business development.This is of great significance for the future improvement of the power grid data asset management system,the low-carbon transformation of the energy industry,and the vigorous development of the digital economy.Based on literature review and real option theory,this paper measures the value of data assets of power grid enterprises under typical application scenarios.Firstly,the basic theories of data assets and their value evaluation are systematically reviewed,and the influencing factors of data asset value are analyzed;Secondly,the categories and characteristics of data resources in power grid enterprises were summarized,with a focus on analyzing their typical application scenarios in low-carbon environmental protection services and diversified financial services;Then,this paper analyzes the practicability of the traditional evaluation method in measuring the value of the data assets.With the combination of the real options theory,and at the same time,it introduces the advanced technology to construct an improved B-S options model;Once again,two typical application scenarios are set up,using the classic B-S option model and the improved B-S option model to conduct empirical analysis on the value of data assets in power grid enterprises,and Monte Carlo simulation is used for example simulation analysis;Finally,comparative analysis is conducted on the empirical results of different valuation models and two application scenarios,and sensitivity analysis is conducted on each parameter in the model.The research results are as follows:(1)The traditional evaluation method have a great limitation in measuring the value of data assets.Because the data assets of the power network enterprises have the option value,it is more accurate to evaluate them with the real option method;(2)At present,the data assets of the power network enterprises are mostly used in the scenes of low carbon and environment protection services and financial services;(3)The improved B-S model with advanced technology is more suitable for the measurement of the assets value of the grid enterprises;(4)The measurement results using the classic B-S model are 126877500 yuan and 133278700 yuan,while the measurement results using the improved B-S model are 193231300 yuan and 20700003 yuan.The results using Monte Carlo simulation are 186140100 yuan and 201042100 yuan;(5)Under the circumstances of the financial service projects,the impact of technology progress is greater than that of low-carbon and environment protection service projects;(6)The value of data assets in power grid enterprises is most sensitive to changes in the present value of underlying assets.When the present value of underlying assets changes by 10%,the change rate of option value of data assets in both application scenarios exceeds 12.5%,while the impact of risk-free interest rates and volatility on option value is relatively small.Based on the above research results,this paper proposes suggestions for improving the basic system of data security in China,accelerating data property legislation,and vigorously promoting the market-oriented construction of data elements. |
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