Research On Routing Protocol Of Flying Ad Hoc Networks Based On Network Simulator 3

Cooperative operation of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can realize rapid network deployment and information sharing among UAVs.Due to the communication between UAVs cannot completely rely on fixed infrastructure such as satellites or ground base stations in some specific scenarios,the Flying Ad hoc Network(FANET)formed by UAVs as relay nodes has become a new wireless communication model,which has been considered as a promising research field.Compared with other subsets of Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET),FANET has the characteristics of high node mobility,frequent topology changes and easy link interruption.Classical MANET routing protocols can not meet the requirements of FANET’s high Quality of Service(Qo S).In order to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of communication between network terminals,it is particularly important to design a special routing protocol for FANET.Based on the full study of classical routing algorithms,this paper evaluates the performance of three protocols OLSR,AODV and GPSR through the network simulator NS-3,and puts forward corresponding improvements.Firstly,the routing algorithm flow,advantages and disadvantages of AODV,OLSR and GPSR are analyzed in detail,four most commonly used network performance evaluation indexes are defined,and the network performance under different node density,different node speeds and fixed parameters is simulated and evaluated.The results show that three protocols have different applicability,among which OLSR is suitable for large-scale static networks with dense nodes,AODV and GPSR are suitable for high dynamic FANET scenarios,which is the focus of this paper.Then,for the energy limited micro UAV network,in order to balance the communication energy consumption of each node and reduce the total energy consumption,this paper proposes a cross layer energy optimized routing protocol based on expected life metric from the classical AODV protocol.The improved protocol ensures that routing hops is small,and the node selects the link with large life expectancy,so as to avoid link failure and route repair caused by premature energy shortage.NS-3simulation results show that the improved protocol performs well in the scene of high node mobility.Besides,the distribution of UAVs’ residual energy is more balanced,which effectively slows down the premature energy depletion of individual nodes,and improves UAVs’ final survival rate.Finally,aiming at the highly dynamic topology of FANET,an improved Q-based location prediction stateless routing(Q-LPSR)protocol is designed.In addition,the overestimation problem of Q-value is also solved by introducing the Double Q-learning alogrithm.NS-3 is used to evaluate the performance of the improved protocol compared with GPSR in different FANET scenarios.The simulation results show that the Qo S performance of Q-LPSR is significantly better than GPSR under different data rates and different node speeds.The Q-based routing algorithm is also proved not to be limited by spatial dimension,which is suitable for three-dimensional FANET.