A Study On The Spatial Characteristics Of Coastal-Defense Settlements In Quanzhou In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

Under the background that the current land and space planning increasingly emphasizes the protection and inheritance of history and culture and Quanzhou has just successfully applied for the world heritage with marine civilization,the ancient Quanzhou Coastal Defense settlement is an excellent perspective-the coastal defense system formed by it includes three-level spaces of marine islands,coastal towns and inland hinterland,which is helpful to understand and integrate the land and sea integrated land space,and promote the display and utilization of inland cultural resources with coastal towns.However,as one of the representatives of national regional large sites,the protection of the remains of coastal defense in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is not satisfactory.There are problems such as single point of understanding,emphasizing noumenon over environment,emphasizing military over society,and so on.The landscape pattern and remains of coastal defense settlements are being eroded by urban construction.In this context,through the methods of historical map translation,comparative analysis and military geography,this paper studies the coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou,in order to sort out the influence mechanism in the process of its formation and development,analyze and reveal the spatial characteristics and interconnection of various elements under the influence mechanism,and then provide new ideas and basis for the research,protection and utilization of coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou and even Fujian in the future.Firstly,it combs and analyzes the history of coastal defense construction in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and comes to the conclusion that coastal defense settlements are defensive settlements planned and constructed from top to bottom.Secondly,by analyzing the corresponding relationship between the coastal defense demand and the coastal defense system,combing and summarizing the changes and reasons of the coastal defense system,this paper puts forward that the coastal defense system in the early Ming Dynasty is the most important influence mechanism for the establishment and development of coastal defense settlements.Taking the coastal defense system as the starting point,this paper analyzes how it affected and even shaped the coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou from the three perspectives of military defense system,production system and registered residence management system.Thirdly,from the military group,the connection with the external space and the internal space,this paper analyzes the spatial morphological characteristics of Quanzhou Coastal Defense settlements-first,it analyzes the military defense system composed of Quanzhou Coastal Defense settlements,and comes to the conclusion that it forms a hierarchical and clear functional coastal defense settlement system of "Health Institute inspection department Shuizhai Fenghou and pier",with orderly scale and grade and mainly irregular square,The site selection has the characteristics of "controlling the Bay,occupying the island,close to the port,standing by height and adjusting measures to local conditions";Second,explore the logistics support space of Haiphong settlements,and come to the conclusion that the production relations of Quanzhou Haiphong settlements are mainly distributed locally,including the reclamation of fields "crisscrossed and deep in the hinterland and mountainous areas" and the subsidy of salt classes in the nearby salt farms in the middle and later stage.At the same time,ensure the smooth transmission of information of Haiphong settlements through the regional postal system;Thirdly,taking the localization of Haiphong settlements and the interaction between man and land as the background,this paper analyzes the diversified humanistic space of Haiphong settlements,including the official belief with the function of maintaining rule,the local belief rich in military characteristics,the origin belief paying attention to clan and the Weisuo school palace.Then it analyzes the general evolution process of coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou and the dynamic changes of settlement spatial structure,and summarizes the uniqueness and representativeness of coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou.Finally,it looks forward to the protection and development of coastal defense settlements,tries to describe its unique heritage value,and analyzes the protection elements of coastal defense system in practice.Based on the above contents,I hope to provide ideas for the research of coastal defense system and the follow-up protection of coastal defense settlements in Quanzhou.