Numerical Analysis And Structural Parameter Optimization Study Of Micro-Channel Heat Sink For Heat Transfer

In recent years,the cooling demand for loaders’ engines has increased,and the layout of various internal components must also meet stricter environmental standards.However,the engine compartment space has remained almost unchanged,resulting in a more compact internal space.At the same time,the presence of hightemperature components makes the cooling conditions worse,and the cooling problem has become increasingly serious.The quality of the hot environment inside the engine compartment directly affects the safety,energy efficiency,and power of the entire vehicle during operation.Therefore,more stringent requirements are placed on the thermal management capability of the loader’s engine cooling system.Microchannel heat exchangers,with their compact structure,high heat transfer efficiency,good engineering implementation,and large heat transfer area per unit volume,are widely recognized as an efficient heat transfer form based on forced convection heat transfer.This article proposes a rectangular microchannel heat exchanger with fins as the research object.This type of microchannel heat exchanger is easy to process and has good engineering adaptability,resulting in ideal cooling performance.This article conducted in-depth research on the numerical calculation,structural analysis,and parameter optimization of microchannel heat exchangers.The results were simulated and verified by experimental analysis.The main achievements include:(1)Analyzing the heat dissipation area and heat dissipation capacity of existing microchannel heat exchangers,designing and building a rectangular microchannel heat exchanger with fins heat dissipation performance test platform,conducting convective heat transfer experiments,and using experimental data to verify the optimization results.Through experimental data analysis,it was found that the optimized microchannel heat exchanger system can achieve more than 4% heat dissipation performance improvement at 70°C to 90°C.In the comparative pressure loss experiment,it can reduce pressure loss when the inlet flow rate is between 1m3/h to 2 m3/h.(2)Based on the analysis of the problems with the existing finned rectangular microchannel heat exchanger,the influence of the inlet and outlet arrangement on the heat dissipation performance of the microchannel heat exchanger was analyzed.It was found that the microchannel heat exchanger with Z-shaped inlet and outlet arrangement has excellent heat dissipation performance and more optimization potential.The influence of fin parameters on the heat dissipation performance of the microchannel heat exchanger was analyzed,and it was found that the heat dissipation power decreases with the increase of fin spacing t and increases with the increase of fin height h,which is related to the change in heat dissipation area.(3)Based on the head loss theory,the rectangular microchannel heat exchanger with fins studied in this article was structurally optimized,and the optimized model had an 11.5% increase in heat dissipation power and a 15.5% decrease in pressure loss compared to the pre-optimized model.The heat dissipation performance and channel flow passage were significantly improved.(4)Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the design parameters of the rectangular microchannel heat exchanger with fins after structural optimization to increase heat dissipation power and reduce flow channel pressure loss.The design parameters optimized were fin height,fin spacing,and microchannel hydraulic diameter.The optimization results showed that the optimized model had a 13.75%increase in heat dissipation area,a 14.24% increase in heat dissipation power,a19.41% decrease in pressure loss,and significantly improved heat dissipation performance and channel flow passage compared to the pre-optimized model.